Costs of Equity and Earnings Attributes

2004 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 967-1010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Francis ◽  
Ryan LaFond ◽  
Per M. Olsson ◽  
Katherine Schipper
Keyword(s):  
Value Relevance ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Equity Capital ◽  
Cost Of Equity Capital ◽  
Cost Of Equity ◽  
Operating Cycle ◽  
Accrual Quality ◽  
Accounting Data ◽  
Earnings Attributes ◽  
The Cost

We examine the relation between the cost of equity capital and seven attributes of earnings: accrual quality, persistence, predictability, smoothness, value relevance, timeliness, and conservatism. We characterize the first four attributes as accounting-based because they are typically measured using accounting information only. We characterize the last three attributes as market-based because proxies for these constructs are typically based on relations between market data and accounting data. Based on theoretical models predicting a positive association between information quality and cost of equity, we test for and find that firms with the least favorable values of each attribute, considered individually, generally experience larger costs of equity than firms with the most favorable values. The largest cost of equity effects are observed for the accounting-based attributes, in particular, accrual quality. These findings are robust to controls for innate determinants of the earnings attributes (firm size, cash flow and sales volatility, incidence of loss, operating cycle, intangibles use/intensity, and capital intensity), as well as to alternative proxies for the cost of equity capital.

Going Concern Opinion and Cost of Equity

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keval Amin ◽  
Jagan Krishnan ◽  
Joon Sun Yang
Keyword(s):  
Positive Association ◽  
Equity Capital ◽  
Cost Of Equity Capital ◽  
Cost Of Equity ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Audit Opinion ◽  
Going Concern ◽  
Going Concern Opinion ◽  
Distressed Firms ◽  
The Cost

SUMMARY: Prior studies document a negative market reaction to going concern opinions. We extend this literature by focusing on the link between the going concern opinion and the cost of equity capital. Using two different samples (one comprising distressed firms and the other matched on propensity score), we document a significant positive association between the issuance of the going concern opinion and the firm's subsequent cost of equity capital. This result is robust to sensitivity tests using various subsamples, time periods, and multiple methods for computing the cost of equity capital. We also examine the association between changes in the audit opinion (going concern to clean opinion and vice versa) and subsequent changes in cost of equity. We find that the cost of equity increases between 3.3 percent and 5.7 percent for firms that receive a first-time going concern opinion. This evidence illuminates the relevance of going concern opinions and the value of the information embedded in them.

Executive Pay Disparity and the Cost of Equity Capital

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 849-885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhihong Chen ◽  
Yuan Huang ◽  
K. C. John Wei
Keyword(s):  
Positive Association ◽  
Chief Executive ◽  
Equity Capital ◽  
Free Cash Flow ◽  
Cost Of Equity Capital ◽  
Cost Of Equity ◽  
Executive Pay ◽  
Pay Disparity ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Cost

AbstractExecutive pay disparity, as measured by chief executive officer (CEO) pay slice (CPS), is positively associated with the implied cost of equity, even after controlling for other determinants of the cost of equity. The difference in the cost of equity can explain 43% of the difference in the valuation effect attributable to CPS reported by Bebchuk, Cremers, and Peyer (2011). Further analysis shows that the positive association is stronger when agency problems of free cash flow are more severe and when CEO succession planning is more important. Our evidence suggests that a large CPS is associated with CEO entrenchment and high succession risk.

scholarly journals Conditional Conservatism and the Cost of Equity Capital: Information Precision and Information Asymmetry Effects

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary C. Biddle ◽  
Mary L. Z. Ma ◽  
Feng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Information Asymmetry ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Equity Capital ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Cost Of Equity Capital ◽  
Cost Of Equity ◽  
Conditional Conservatism ◽  
Sarbanes Oxley ◽  
Information Precision ◽  
The Cost

Prior studies report negative or insignificant relations between conditional conservatism and the cost of equity capital, arguing that conservatism reduces information risk. Using accounting-based conditional conservatism proxies, however, we find a significantly positive association between conditional conservatism and the cost of equity. This positive relation operates via improving information precision about negative earnings shocks and generally inflating information asymmetry among investors, both of which increase the cost of equity. We further find that the cost of equity effect of conditional conservatism disappears in the period after the enactment of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX), consistent with the notion that nationwide improvement of information precision about negative news and diminished information asymmetry are engendered by the SOX regulation. This study adds to researches on conditional conservatism, SOX, and the cost of equity, and also has policy implications.

scholarly journals Information Asymmetry, Ownership Structure and Cost of Equity Capital: The Formation for Open Innovation

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Ade Imam Muslim ◽  
Doddy Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Information Asymmetry ◽  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Trading Volume ◽  
Foreign Ownership ◽  
Equity Capital ◽  
Cost Of Equity Capital ◽  
Cost Of Equity ◽  
Ownership Structures ◽  
The Cost

Our study aims to investigate how information asymmetry and ownership structure affect cost of equity capital. For that purpose, we collected 246 issuers over 4 years for a total of 984 observations. By using panel data processing, we found that the information asymmetry we proxied through Price non-Synchronization and trading volume had an effect on the cost of equity capital. Our results also confirmed both Agency Theory and Pecking Order Theory. Both theories are in line with the conditions of the stock market in Indonesia. In addition, we found that institutional and foreign ownership structures also had an effect on the cost of equity capital. Furthermore, our results also confirmed Interest Alignment Theory and Entrenchment Theory. Our research is expected to contribute to the debate on the existence of information asymmetry and ownership structures in relation to the cost of equity capital. We also hope that it will be a valuable input for investors in considering their investment. Moreover, from the results of this study, investors can also consider foreign ownership or institutional ownership in determining their investment. In addition, stock market regulators in Indonesia can develop approaches to minimize information asymmetry and encourage foreign investors to invest in Indonesia.

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