The Factors Affecting the Acceptance of Going Concerned Audit Opinion (Empirical Study on Registered Agricultural Sector Companies in Indonesia Stock Exchange 2013-2019)

The study aimed to determine and analyze the effect of financial distress, firm size, profitability, cash flow ratio, leverage, and environmental performance on going concern audit opinion. The research object is the agriculture sector company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The population in this study were all companies listed in the agricultural sector on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2013-2019 period. The total population in this study was 21 companies. The method used in determining the sample using the purposive sampling technique. The sample in the study was 17 companies with 119 data analyzed. The study used secondary data and used multivariate analysis. The results of this research state that financial distress, profitability, cash flow ratio, environmental performance do not affect the acceptance of going concern audit opinion. The firm size has a negative effect on the acceptance of going concern audit opinions. In contrast, leverage positively affects the acceptance of going concern audit opinions in the agriculture sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for 2013-2019. Keywords: financial distress, firm size, profitability, flow ratio cash, leverage, going concern audit opinion.

Pengaruh Ukuran Perusahaan, Likuiditas, Profitabilitas, dan Solvabilitas Terhadap Opini Audit Going Concern pada Perusahaan Manufaktur yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2018-2020

The continuity of the compant’s business among the various risk that arise as a result of internal or external factors are the expectations of all entities in effort to achieve the company’ goals. The purpose of this study is to find out what the effect of company size, liquidity, solvency and profitability on Going Concern audit opinion of manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2018-2020 period. Secondary data is used from the Indonesia Stock Exchange, the source of data is from www.idx.co.id. In this study, the sampling method selected according to the purposive sampling method was used and 44 companies were selected as samples. Data analysis using Logistic Regression test. The results showed that the size, liquidity, profitability and solvency of the company affected the Going Concern audit opinion.

The impact of qualified audit opinion on stock returns: an empirical study at Amman stock exchange

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the impact of qualified audit opinions on the returns of stocks listed at Amman Stock Exchange (ASE) after the introduction of the recent amendments by the International Auditing and Assurance Standard Board (IAASB) on audits reporting and conclusions. It further investigates if results differ between first time qualified and sequenced qualifications, and between plain qualified opinion and qualifications with going concern. Design/methodology/approach Audit opinions’ announcements and stock returns data are collected from companies’ annual reports for the fiscal years 2016 to 2019 while stock returns are computed from stock closing prices published at ASE website. The authors apply the event study approach and use the market model to calculate normal returns. Cumulative abnormal returns (CARs) and average abnormal returns (AARs) are computed for all qualified audit opinions’ announcements. Findings The empirical evidence suggests that investors at ASE do not react to qualified audit opinions announcements. That is, the authors find an insignificant impact of qualified audit opinion announcements on stock returns using both CAR and AAR estimates. The results are robust to first time and sequenced qualifications, and for qualifications with going concern. Results are also robust to the use of risk adjusted market model. Research limitations/implications The insignificant impact of qualified audit opinions on stock returns have two potential conflicting research implications. First, the new amendments introduced to auditors’ report made them more informative and reduce the negative signals contained in the qualified opinions. That is, investors are now aware of the real causes of qualifications and not overreacting to the qualified opinion. Second, the documented insignificant impact confirms that ASE is not a semi-strong form efficient. Practical implications The apparent excessive use of qualifications should ring the bell on whether auditors misuse their power or companies are really in trouble. Hence, the Jordanian regulatory bodies need to warn auditors against the excessive use of qualifications on the one hand, and to raise the awareness of investors on the implications of auditors’ opinions on the other hand. Originality/value This study is innovative in twofold. First, it explores the impact of qualified audit opinions on stock returns after the introduction of new amendments by IAASB at ASE. In addition, it uses event study approach and distinguishes between first time qualified and sequenced qualifications, and between plain qualified opinion and qualifications with going concern. The results are consistent with efficient market theory and behavioral finance explanations.

Analisis Laba Kotor

Tujuan utama dari setiap kegiatan bisnis perusahaan adalah untuk mencari keuntungan yang sebesar-besarnya dengan menekan biaya sekecil-keciInya (profit oriented). Laba merupakan sumber utama perusahaan untuk menjaga kelangsungan hidupnya, hal ini sesuai dengan konsep "going concern" yang beranggapan perusahaan didirikan untuk hidup terus-menerus dan seolah-olah tidak akan berhenti. Laba kotor perusahaan merupakan selisih pendapatan penjualan neto dikurangi dengan harga pokok penjualan.

PENGARUH RISIKO PEMBIAYAAN, TINGKAT KECUKUPAN MODAL DAN EFISIENSI OPERASIONAL TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS BANK SYARIAH

Memperoleh profitabilitas yang besar /tinggi merupakan ekpekstasi seluruh perusahaan termasuk industri perbankan syariah yang ada di Indonesia agar going concern bank terjaga. Dalam usaha mencapai profitabilitas tersebut , umumnya aktivitas operasional bank syairah akan dipengaruhi beberapa faktor diantaranya yaitu risiko pembiayaan yang dikelola, tingkat kecukupan modal yang dimiliki oleh bank dan bank akan berupaya untuk melakukan efisiensi operasional seefektif mungkin. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat apakah pengaruh dari risiko pembiayaan yang dikelola, tingkat kecukupan modal dan efisiensi operasional terhadap profitabilitas bank syariah. Sampel dalam penelitian ini diipilih dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling method yang mengambil data laporan keuangan bank syariah selama periode 2015 sampai 2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis regresi uji t dan uji F ( ANOVA). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa terdapat pengaruh signifikan pada risiko pembiayaan (Financing to Deposit Ratio /FDR), tingkat kecukupan modal (Capital Adequacy Ratio/CAR) dan efisiensi operasional (Biaya Operasional Pendapatan Operasional/BOPO) terhadap pencapaian profitabilitas bank (Retun on Assests) meski ada yang tidak memberi pengaruh secara signifikan pada risiko pembiayaan (Non Performing Financing/NPF) terhadap profitabilitas (ROA). Hasil penelitian ini sejalan dengan beberapa hasil penelitian terdahulu.

Antecedents to the Audit Quality of Non-Financial Firms Listed in Iraq Stock Exchange: The Moderating Role of Accounting Fairness

The main objective of the current study is to examine audit fee, financial reporting quality, going concern, and earning management as antecedents to the audit quality of non-financial firms listed in Iraq stock Exchange. In addition to that the study has also examined the moderating role of accounting fairness in the relationship between audit fee, financial reporting quality, going concern, earning management and audit quality of non-financial firms listed in Iraq stock Exchange. The data of 60 firms listed on Iraqi stock exchange over the period of 4 years from 2017-2021 is taken from the audited accounts. The study basically employs panel data analytical tools in achieving the set goals of the research. The choice of panel data approach is informed by a number of methodological advantages it offers. Results indicates that that as interest in the agency theory grows, the importance of fairness as a principle will grow, and that it is expected that the value of this concept would grow as a means of resolving conflict and exploiting interests that arise between the many stakeholders in the firm. on the concept of fairness, agreeing that the interests of particular parties should not trump fairness, which he referred to as clarity. The results of the study have provided support to the hypothesis of the study. The findings of the study will be helpful for policymakers, and researchers on the issues related to accounting fairness ,audit fee, financial reporting quality, going concern, earning management and audit quality of non-financial firms listed in Iraq stock Exchange.

The going-concern opinion and the adverse credit rating: an analysis of their relationship

Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between going-concern (GC) opinions issued by the Big 4 audit firms and adverse credit ratings from the two largest credit rating agencies (CRAs) – Standard & Poor’s (S&P) and Moody’s. This question is relevant because there have been suggestions that auditors and CRAs should become more similar to each other, and because the two largest CRAs have different ownership structures that could affect their ratings. Design/methodology/approach Univariate and multivariate analyses are performed using a sample of firms that filed for bankruptcy between January 1, 2002 and December 31, 2013 that also had an audit opinion signed during the 12 months prior to bankruptcy, along with a credit rating issued by either or both S&P and Moody’s. Both influence each other. The likelihood of an auditor issuing a GC opinion is related to the credit rating issued by both S&P and Moody’s in the month prior to the audit report signing. The results also show differences between the CRAs. S&P reacted in the month after an auditor issued a GC opinion by downgrading its ratings 68% of the time. However, Moody’s did not react as strongly as S&P, downgrading its ratings only 24% of the time. Findings Both audit reports and credit ratings influence each other. The likelihood of an auditor issuing a GC opinion is related to the credit rating issued by both S&P and Moody’s in the month prior to the audit report signing. The results also show differences between the CRAs. S&P reacted in the month after an auditor issued a GC opinion by downgrading its ratings 68% of the time. However, Moody’s did not react as strongly as S&P, downgrading its ratings only 24% of the time. Originality/value Auditors are more likely to issue GC opinions when there is a downgrade to the credit rating, and CRAs are more likely to downgrade their ratings when there is a GC opinion. The study highlights that CRAs with different ownership structures provide different credit rating outcomes.

Is there a Dark Side to Societal Trust in Auditors’ Going Concern Assessments?

Amidst heightened concern among U.S. and international regulators, is the need to examine reasons why auditors are not issuing going-concern opinions (GCOs) to financially distressed clients who seem to warrant such opinions. We examine societal trust as one such reason, finding a lower incidence of GCOs with high societal trust. Moreover, we find that high societal trust is associated with fewer GCO Type I misclassifications, but more GCO Type II misclassifications. In addition, the association between societal trust and GCOs does not disappear for severely distressed clients, suggesting that auditors do not adequately perceive clients that warrant GCOs when the clients are in high trust countries, and illuminating a dark side to societal trust. Moreover, low litigation risk and auditor-management relationship longevity exacerbate this dark side of societal trust. Our study highlights how societal trust can have beneficial effects across multiple economic contexts while posing problems in the auditing context.