Accounting Restatements and Bank Liquidity Creation

Banks play a central role in creating liquidity for the economy by financing illiquid assets with liquid liabilities. This paper examines the effect of accounting restatements on bank liquidity creation. Using a difference-in-differences research design, I show that restatements trigger a significant reduction in liquidity creation. This effect derives mainly from banks shifting away from illiquid assets and toward liquid assets. Further analysis reveals that restatements affect liquidity creation through supervisory enforcement actions and unravelling of risk exposures accumulated in the misreporting period. Government deposit insurance blunts the effect of an information asymmetry channel.

PENGARUH KEEFEKTIFAN PENGENDALIAN INTERNAL, ASIMETRI INFORMASI, KESESUAIAN KOMPENSASI DAN KETAATAN ATURAN AKUNTANSI TERHADAP KECENDERUNGAN KECURANGAN AKUNTANSI (Studi Kasus pada OPD Kabupaten Kendal)

This study aims to test the effectiveness of internal control, information asymmetry, suitability of compensation and compliance of accounting rules against tendencies of accounting fraud. This study used quantitative methods with primary data obtained directly from respondents’s answer to questionnaries. The population in this study is all the authorities and responsible for the use of budgeted fubds, accounting implementes and people whose duties are related to the preparation of financial statements and accountability reports ini OPD Kendal Regency. This study used purposive sampling method with 66 respondents as the sample. The data analysis method used in this study was multiple linear regression analysis with IBM SPSS Statistics 21. The results of this research showed that (1) The effectiveness of internal control has a significant effect on the tendency of accounting fraud, (2) Information asymmetry has a significant effect on the tendency of accounting fraud, (3) The suitability of compensation has no significant effect on the tendency of accounting fraud, (4) Compliance of accounting rules has no significant effect on the tendency of accounting fraud, (5) Effectiveness of internal control, information asymmetry, the suitability of compensation and the observance of accounting rules simultaneously have a significant effect on the tendency of accounting fraud.

The role of expert judgments in wine quality assessment: the mismatch between chemical, sensorial and extrinsic cues

Purpose The complexity in determining the quality of a credence good like wine increases due to the lack of mandatory ingredient labeling. This has generated a significant information asymmetry in the wine market, leading consumers to delegate their purchase decisions to expert rankings and wine guides. This paper explores whether expert assessments reduce the information asymmetry caused by the absence of ingredient labeling in the wine market.Design/methodology/approach By employing analysis of variance (ANOVA) in a sample of 304 wines included in the Wine Guide of the Spanish Consumers Organization (OCU), this paper assesses the extent to which expert assessments based on sensory evaluations converge with the objective cues provided by laboratory analysis in wine quality evaluations.Findings Results reveal a mismatch between expert assessments and laboratory analyses. Chemical aspects such as SO2 levels or volatile acidity, sensorial factors such as intensity and persistence, and extrinsic variables such as the region of origin or wine type play an important role in the quality ranking of wines.Originality/value These findings call for the inclusion of objective intrinsic cues in expert sensory assessments to provide consumers reliable information about wines and to resolve the apparent dissonances in wine quality assessments.

Risk Self-Selection and the Concept of Equilibrium in a Competitive Insurance Market

The purpose of this paper is an analysis of the presence of self-selection mechanisms on the market that could bring the market closer to the separating equilibrium state, in line with the Rothschild–Stiglitz equilibrium model and its subsequent modifications. An example is the Polish market of compulsory third-party liability insurance of vehicle owners. This paper describes this market in terms of both its structure and its financial results. The main focus is on describing the assumptions of the Rothschild–Stiglitz model for markets operating under the conditions of information asymmetry and based on the self-selection mechanism, allowing for an unequivocal determination of the insured’s profile without the need to actually observe the insured’s behaviour. Finally, we show that thanks to the self-selection induced by the possibility of driving behaviour monitoring, the industry can minimise the negative effect information asymmetry has on the motor insurance market. This can be achieved, for example, by observing the choices made by the insured after being offered a new voluntary contract with a premium based on telematics data. Our analysis was carried out with the use of three selected characteristics that can determine the insured’s risk profile, i.e., distance covered, self-assessment, and insurance premium paid; the significance of the latter—although it may be intuitive—is questionable at commonly accepted significance levels. Therefore, the main result is that although there is some evidence on the disputed matter, there can be no definitive conclusion—especially in terms of risk as measured by insurance premium.

Budget participation, information asymmetry, and job insecurity as a predictor of budgetary slack

Budgetary slack occurs because of the potential difference with the revenue budget target. the difference in potential revenue with the revenue budget target indicates the occurrence of individual behavior lowering the income target to facilitate the achievement of the government budget. The purpose of this study is to empirically prove the effect of budget participation, information asymmetry, and job insecurity that trigger budgetary slack. The population of this research is officials of the Indonesian: Regional Working Unit in the province of East Java, Indonesia. The sampling technique used is proportional sampling, the research respondents were 84 people. The results show that budget participation, information asymmetry, and job insecurity have a positive effect on budgetary slack. The high budget participation of public sector employees can trigger budgetary slack. Information asymmetry motivates budget implementers to take action to reduce revenue targets and increase government spending. High job insecurity in the work environment creates pressure on employees so that budgetary slack is created.

Laporan Keuangan Perspektif SIRI

In order to provide information and make choices, financial reports are delivered to relevant parties. However, because there are so many parties interested in the financial accounts, there is a lot of information asymmetry in the process of presenting them. In order for the information to be used as a firm foundation for internal and external parties, a new perspective is required in the process of presenting financial statements. In order to interpret the meaning of the SIRI perspective financial statements, this study used a qualitative method that was supplemented by a literature review. So that a conclusion regarding the presentation of fresh financial statements can be formed. The findings of this study offer a framework for presenting financial statements from four different perspectives: spiritual Integrity, Reso', and ininnawa. With the goal that these four viewpoints will influence the way financial statements are presented. And, in the future, bring benefits to both internal and external parties.