Selective Exposure and Dissonance after Decisions

2002 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 527-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dave D'Alessio ◽  
Mike Allen
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Dissonance ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Selective Exposure ◽  
Statistical Methodology ◽  
Analytic Review ◽  
Literature Reviews ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Dissonance Theory

Well-known literature reviews from the 1960s question whether cognitive dissonance underlies experimental participants' selective exposure of themselves to consonant messages and avoidance of dissonant ones. A meta-analytic review of 16 studies published from 1956 to 1996 and involving 1,922 total participants shows that experimental tests consistently support the supposition that dissonance is associated with selective exposure ( r = .22, p < .001). Statistical power exceeded .99. Advances in statistical methodology and increased attention to selecting appropriate tests of dissonance theory were essential to finally resolving this question.

scholarly journals The psychophysiological correlates of cognitive dissonance

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Gavin W. Ploger ◽  
Johnanna Dunaway ◽  
Patrick Fournier ◽  
Stuart Soroka
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Dissonance ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Affective Response ◽  
Selective Exposure ◽  
Weak Evidence ◽  
Physiological Approach ◽  
Psychophysiological Correlates ◽  
Dissonance Theory ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Dissonance Reduction

Abstract This preregistered study uses a combination of physiological measures to explore both the activation and reduction components of cognitive dissonance theory. More precisely, we use skin conductance to identify dissonance arousal, a short-term affective response to counter-attitudinal stimuli, and then use heart rate variability to measure dissonance reduction, which reflects longer-term patterns of emotional regulation and information processing. Our preliminary tests find weak evidence of dissonance arousal and no evidence of dissonance reduction using this physiological approach. We consequently reconsider (albeit optimistically) the use of physiology in future work on cognitive dissonance. We also discuss the implications of our findings for selective exposure and motivated reasoning.

Development of Microsatellite Loci Exhibiting Reverse Ascertainment Bias and a Sexing Marker for use in Emperor Geese (Chen Canagica)

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 201-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meg C. Gravley ◽  
George K. Sage ◽  
Joel A. Schmutz ◽  
Sandra L. Talbot
Keyword(s):  
Microsatellite Loci ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Ascertainment Bias ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing Technology ◽  
Branta Bernicla ◽  
Black Brant ◽  
Expected Heterozygosity ◽  
Cackling Geese ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Goose Species

The Alaskan population of Emperor Geese ( Chen canagica) nests on the Yukon–Kuskokwim Delta in western Alaska. Numbers of Emperor Geese in Alaska declined from the 1960s to the mid-1980s and since then, their numbers have slowly increased. Low statistical power of microsatellite loci developed in other waterfowl species and used in previous studies of Emperor Geese are unable to confidently assign individual identity. Microsatellite loci for Emperor Goose were therefore developed using shotgun amplification and next-generation sequencing technology. Forty-one microsatellite loci were screened and 14 were found to be polymorphic in Emperor Geese. Only six markers – a combination of four novel loci and two loci developed in other waterfowl species – are needed to identify an individual from among the Alaskan Emperor Goose population. Genetic markers for identifying sex in Emperor Geese were also developed. The 14 novel variable loci and 15 monomorphic loci were screened for polymorphism in four other Arctic-nesting goose species, Black Brant ( Branta bernicla nigricans), Greater White-fronted ( Anser albifrons), Canada ( B. canadensis) and Cackling ( B. hutchinsii) Goose. Emperor Goose exhibited the smallest average number of alleles (3.3) and the lowest expected heterozygosity (0.467). Greater White-fronted Geese exhibited the highest average number of alleles (4.7) and Cackling Geese the highest expected heterozygosity (0.599). Six of the monomorphic loci were variable and able to be characterised in the other goose species assayed, a predicted outcome of reverse ascertainment bias. These findings fail to support the hypothesis of ascertainment bias due to selection of microsatellite markers.

Judging Reduced Price Effects on Product Trial, Repeated Purchase, and Attitudes

1977 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-75
Author(s):  
Earl W. Wims
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Dissonance ◽  
New Products ◽  
Cognitive Dissonance Theory ◽  
Product Trial ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Price Effects ◽  
Dissonance Theory ◽  
Objective Being

Price incentives have traditionally been utilized to influence consumers to purchase new produces with the long-run objective being repeated purchase. An analysis of triers of new products suggests that this strategy is questionable and further study should be undertaken. Cognitive dissonance theory may account for the behavior resulting from a change in attitude induced by various levels of incentive.

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