Can I show my skills? Affective responses to artificial intelligence in the recruitment process

Companies increasingly use artificial intelligence (AI) and algorithmic decision-making (ADM) for their recruitment and selection process for cost and efficiency reasons. However, there are concerns about the applicant’s affective response to AI systems in recruitment, and knowledge about the affective responses to the selection process is still limited, especially when AI supports different selection process stages (i.e., preselection, telephone interview, and video interview). Drawing on the affective response model, we propose that affective responses (i.e., opportunity to perform, emotional creepiness) mediate the relationships between an increasing AI-based selection process and organizational attractiveness. In particular, by using a scenario-based between-subject design with German employees (N = 160), we investigate whether and how AI-support during a complete recruitment process diminishes the opportunity to perform and increases emotional creepiness during the process. Moreover, we examine the influence of opportunity to perform and emotional creepiness on organizational attractiveness. We found that AI-support at later stages of the selection process (i.e., telephone and video interview) decreased the opportunity to perform and increased emotional creepiness. In turn, the opportunity to perform and emotional creepiness mediated the association of AI-support in telephone/video interviews on organizational attractiveness. However, we did not find negative affective responses to AI-support earlier stage of the selection process (i.e., during preselection). As we offer evidence for possible adverse reactions to the usage of AI in selection processes, this study provides important practical and theoretical implications.

CHILDREN'S RESPONSE TO ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS LEARNING AT ERWITA SCHOOL EDUCARE CENTER MEDAN

<p>This study aims to analyze children's responses to Islamic religious learning at the ErwitaEducare Center Kindergarten School in Medan, and Islamic learning at the ErwitaEducare Center Kindergarten School Medan.This research uses descriptive narrative qualitative method. To obtain data, researchers conducted observations, interviews and documentation. In analyzing the data, this research was carried out in stages, namely, data collection, data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions in obtaining data.The results in this study indicate that the Islamic Religious Learning of this school emphasizes the Learning of Faith, Learning of Worship, and Learning of Morals. the response to Islamic learning shown by the child is to have a positive response or attitude. This can be seen from some of the responses or attitudes of children in learning, namely (a) Responses / attitudes towards the subject matter of Islamic Religion (b) Responses / attitudes of children towards teachers / teachers (c) Responses / attitudes of children in the learning process in Islamic Religious Learning ( d) Cognitive Response (e) Affective Response (f) Conative response. The child shows a positive and responsive response in learning Islamic religion given by the teacher.</p>

Dorsal Bed Nucleus of the Stria Terminalis-Subcortical Output Circuits Encode Positive Bias in Pavlovian Fear and Reward

Opposite emotions like fear and reward states often utilize the same brain regions. The bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) comprises one hub for processing fear and reward processes. However, it remains unknown how dorsal BNST (dBNST) circuits process these antagonistic behaviors. Here, we exploited a combined Pavlovian fear and reward conditioning task that exposed mice to conditioned tone stimuli (CS)s, either paired with sucrose delivery or footshock unconditioned stimuli (US). Pharmacological inactivation identified the dorsal BNST as a crucial element for both fear and reward behavior. Deep brain calcium imaging revealed opposite roles of two distinct dBNST neuronal output pathways to the periaqueductal gray (PAG) or paraventricular hypothalamus (PVH). dBNST neural activity profiles differentially process valence and Pavlovian behavior components: dBNST-PAG neurons encode fear CS, whereas dBNST-PVH neurons encode reward responding. Optogenetic activation of BNST-PVH neurons increased reward seeking, whereas dBNST-PAG neurons attenuated freezing. Thus, dBNST-PVH or dBNST-PAG circuitry encodes oppositely valenced fear and reward states, while simultaneously triggering an overall positive affective response bias (increased reward seeking while reducing fear responses). We speculate that this mechanism amplifies reward responding and suppresses fear responses linked to BNST dysfunction in stress and addictive behaviors.

Self-Conscious Affect Is Modulated by Rapid Eye Movement Sleep but Not by Targeted Memory Reactivation–A Pilot Study

The neurophysiological properties of rapid eye movement sleep (REMS) are believed to tune down stressor-related emotional responses. While prior experimental findings are controversial, evidence suggests that affective habituation is hindered if REMS is fragmented. To elucidate the topic, we evoked self-conscious negative affect in the participants (N = 32) by exposing them to their own out-of-tune singing in the evening. Affective response to the stressor was measured with skin conductance response and subjectively reported embarrassment. To address possible inter-individual variance toward the stressor, we measured the shame-proneness of participants with an established questionnaire. The stressor was paired with a sound cue to pilot a targeted memory reactivation (TMR) protocol during the subsequent night's sleep. The sample was divided into three conditions: control (no TMR), TMR during slow-wave sleep, and TMR during REMS. We found that pre- to post-sleep change in affective response was not influenced by TMR. However, REMS percentage was associated negatively with overnight skin conductance response habituation, especially in those individuals whose REMS was fragmented. Moreover, shame-proneness interacted with REM fragmentation such that the higher the shame-proneness, the more the affective habituation was dependent on non-fragmented REMS. In summary, the potential of REMS in affective processing may depend on the quality of REMS as well as on individual vulnerability toward the stressor type.

The Pedestrian Workplace

<p>How can analysis of affective relationships enable the public street as a pedestrian workplace? When thinking of places we feel a bond to - an attachment to - home commonly comes to mind. In today’s world, where many of us spend just as much time at home as at work, do we feel a similar connection to our workplace? As mobility increases through technology, and we can work anywhere, anytime, do we take this affective bond with us… everywhere? Every place has an affect; a sense about it, a feeling. The street has a particular affect, as encounters between the place and the pedestrian continuously occur. In recent years, there has been an increase of awareness in urban design of public environments as places of work. People are able to perform working behaviours anywhere, at any time, thanks to technology - even as they walk down the street. In response to the new mobility of the contemporary workplace, this thesis aims to explore affective relationships that take place in the street - where the worker takes on the role of pedestrian. Previous research into this area has discovered a dichotomy in opinions – as our mobility increases, do we form stronger bonds to places, or does this mobility rob us of any place attachments? Do third places catering to mobile working conditions necessarily diminish social and recreational life? I am interested in firstly exploring what affects are occurring within the street, and later to explore how architectural design intervention can manipulate the affective response of a pedestrian. The research will employ analogue and digital media, alongside theoretical research, to explore the interactions and affective links that occur between work and street. The ability to design with affective encounters in mind will be the driving force. The implications will be an exploration of affect within the context of the street system, specifically when the street is considered as a place where working behaviours may occur alongside social and recreational behaviours. This will further the understanding of the connections people have with places, and how this manifests in daily life.</p>

The Pedestrian Workplace

<p>How can analysis of affective relationships enable the public street as a pedestrian workplace? When thinking of places we feel a bond to - an attachment to - home commonly comes to mind. In today’s world, where many of us spend just as much time at home as at work, do we feel a similar connection to our workplace? As mobility increases through technology, and we can work anywhere, anytime, do we take this affective bond with us… everywhere? Every place has an affect; a sense about it, a feeling. The street has a particular affect, as encounters between the place and the pedestrian continuously occur. In recent years, there has been an increase of awareness in urban design of public environments as places of work. People are able to perform working behaviours anywhere, at any time, thanks to technology - even as they walk down the street. In response to the new mobility of the contemporary workplace, this thesis aims to explore affective relationships that take place in the street - where the worker takes on the role of pedestrian. Previous research into this area has discovered a dichotomy in opinions – as our mobility increases, do we form stronger bonds to places, or does this mobility rob us of any place attachments? Do third places catering to mobile working conditions necessarily diminish social and recreational life? I am interested in firstly exploring what affects are occurring within the street, and later to explore how architectural design intervention can manipulate the affective response of a pedestrian. The research will employ analogue and digital media, alongside theoretical research, to explore the interactions and affective links that occur between work and street. The ability to design with affective encounters in mind will be the driving force. The implications will be an exploration of affect within the context of the street system, specifically when the street is considered as a place where working behaviours may occur alongside social and recreational behaviours. This will further the understanding of the connections people have with places, and how this manifests in daily life.</p>

Affective Responses to Image Color Combinations

Responses to colored patterns were collected for a group of 60 naive participants. We explicitly aimed at affective responses, rather than aesthetic judgments, so this is not ‘color harmony’ proper. Patterns were mainly spatially highly structured compositions, the color palettes reminiscent of what is found in generic ‘colorist’ art. Color combinations systematically cover mono-, di-, and trichromatic chromatic chords, whereas there was always an additional achromatic component. This sets the research apart from the bulk of the mainstream literature on ‘color harmony.’ Various ways of analysis are compared. Clustering methods reveal that the responses are highly structured through the teal–orange (cool–warm) dimension. Clustering reveals a large group of mutually concordant participants and various small, idiosyncratic groups. When the data is coarse-grained, retaining only a limited red–blue–yellow palette, the group as a whole appears quite concordant. It is evident that responses are systematic, thus the notion of a universal affective response to color combinations gains some credibility. The precise affective responses are specific because constrained by the seven categories used in the experiment. Thus, the systematic structure is perhaps to be understood as the generic result. We discuss tangencies with various traits found with ‘colorist’ art styles.

The effect of consumer resistance to innovation on innovation adoption: the moderating role of customer loyalty

PurposeThe purpose of the study is to construct a relationship model between the consumer resistance to innovation (CRI) and innovation adoption, and the study selected the customer loyalty as the moderating variable.Design/methodology/approachBased on questionnaire survey and regression model analysis, the study analyses the psychological processes and formation mechanisms that they either resist or adopt innovation by exploring users' attitudes towards smartphone application updates.FindingsThe results showed that innovation resistance negatively affected innovation adoption, and consumers are more likely to adopt innovations simply under the influence of customer loyalty. In addition, the moderating effect of customer loyalty is different in that how the three dimensions of innovation resistance influence innovation adoption. From the perspective of affective response, when consumers become emotionally disgusted with innovative products, loyalty can hardly change their minds. When consumers' resistance to innovation comes more from cognitive evaluation or functioning, loyalty is more likely to change their resistance.Originality/valueThe paper tests mechanism between customer resist the new product and new product adoption and the moderate effect of customer loyalty.

“The Taste of Life”

This chapter begins with a comparative analysis of pain’s importance to three prominent nineteenth-century literary modes: sentimentalism, naturalism, and realism. It then turns to the distinctive aesthetic and ethical priorities of the high realism practiced by William Dean Howells, Henry James, and Edith Wharton. It concludes with an extended analysis of Howellsian realism as the first of several examples of the high realist aesthetic. From the outset of his career, Howells explored the idea that a more refined literary sensibility hinges on a subtle sensitivity to suffering of various kinds, emphasizing a view of the elevated individual as possessing a heightened ability not just to experience pain but to manage his or her own reactions to it in a sophisticated fashion. Even in his most socially engaged fiction, Howells evinces a preference for a troubled, ruminative, and restrained affective response to others’ suffering over reactions his works portray as rash, boorish, or at best ill-conceived.