Determination of freeze-out conditions from lattice QCD calculations

AbstractFreeze-out conditions in Heavy Ion Collisions are generally determined by comparing experimental results for ratios of particle yields with theoretical predictions based on applications of the Hadron Resonance Gas model. We discuss here how this model dependent determination of freeze-out parameters may eventually be replaced by theoretical predictions based on equilibrium QCD thermodynamics.

Download Full-text

Lattice QCD and hydro/cascade model of heavy ion collisions

Journal of Physics Conference Series ◽

10.1088/1742-6596/230/1/012015 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 230 ◽

pp. 012015 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Michael Cheng

Keyword(s):

Lattice Qcd ◽

Heavy Ion Collisions ◽

Heavy Ion ◽

Cascade Model ◽

Ion Collisions

Download Full-text

Charge-dependent flow as evidence of strong electromagnetic fields in heavy-ion collisions

Modern Physics Letters A ◽

10.1142/s0217732320503241 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 35 (39) ◽

pp. 2050324

Author(s):

Andrea Dubla ◽

Umut Gürsoy ◽

Raimond Snellings

Keyword(s):

Electromagnetic Fields ◽

Heavy Ion Collisions ◽

Heavy Ion ◽

Gluon Plasma ◽

Experimental Characterization ◽

Ion Collisions ◽

Current State ◽

Theoretical Predictions ◽

Dependent Flow

The extremely large electromagnetic fields generated in heavy-ion collisions provide access to novel observables that are expected to constrain various key transport properties of the quark-gluon plasma and could help solve one of the outstanding puzzles in QCD: the strong CP problem. In this review we present a brief overview of the theoretical and experimental characterization of these electromagnetic fields. After reviewing the current state, emphasizing one of the observables — the charge-dependent flow — we discuss the various discrepancies between the measurements and theoretical predictions. Finally, to help resolve the discrepancies, we suggest new measurements and theoretical ideas.

Download Full-text

Freeze-out in relativistic heavy ion collisions at AGS energies

Physics Letters B ◽

10.1016/0370-2693(95)00680-j ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 354 (3-4) ◽

pp. 196-201 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

L.V. Bravina ◽

I.N. Mishustin ◽

N.S. Amelin ◽

J.P. Bondorf ◽

L.P. Csernai

Keyword(s):

Heavy Ion Collisions ◽

Heavy Ion ◽

Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions ◽

Ion Collisions ◽

Freeze Out

Download Full-text

Experimental Results on Charge Fluctuations in Heavy-Ion Collisions

Advances in High Energy Physics ◽

10.1155/2017/1453045 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

D. K. Mishra ◽

P. Garg ◽

P. K. Netrakanti ◽

L. M. Pant ◽

A. K. Mohanty

Keyword(s):

Electric Charge ◽

Heavy Ion Collisions ◽

Collision Energy ◽

Heavy Ion ◽

Experimental Results ◽

Higher Moments ◽

Net Charge ◽

Charge Fluctuations ◽

Ion Collisions ◽

Particle Ratios

We present a subset of experimental results on charge fluctuation from the heavy-ion collisions to search for phase transition and location of critical point in the QCD phase diagram. Measurements from the heavy-ion experiments at the SPS and RHIC energies observe that total charge fluctuations increase from central to peripheral collisions. The net-charge fluctuations in terms of dynamical fluctuation measure ν(+-,dyn) are studied as a function of collision energy (sNN) and centrality of the collisions. The product of ν(+-,dyn) and 〈Nch〉 shows a monotonic decrease with collision energies, which indicates that at LHC energy the fluctuations have their origin in the QGP phase. The fluctuations in terms of higher moments of net-proton, net-electric charge, and net-kaon have been measured for various sNN. Deviations are observed in both Sσ and κσ2 for net-proton multiplicity distributions from the Skellam and hadron resonance gas model for sNN<39 GeV. Higher moment results of the net-electric charge and net-kaon do not observe any significant nonmonotonic behavior as a function of collision energy. We also discuss the extraction of the freeze-out parameters using particle ratios and experimentally measured higher moments of net-charge fluctuations. The extracted freeze-out parameters from experimentally measured moments and lattice calculations are found to be in agreement with the results obtained from the fit of particle ratios to the thermal model calculations.

Download Full-text