scholarly journals Menelaah Klaim Republik Korea dan Jepang atas Kepulauan Dokdo atau Takeshima: Pendekatan Historis

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 210
Author(s):  
Harven Filippo Taufik
Keyword(s):  

Wilayah merupakan bagian yang tak terpisahkan dari keberadaan suatu negara. Betapa pentingnya suatu wilayah menyebabkan suatu sengketa wilayah antar negara dapat saja terjadi. Demikianlah yang terjadi antara Republik Korea dan Jepang. Keduanya bersengketa atas suatu wilayah kepulauan di Laut Timur, yaitu Kepulauan Dokdo atau Takeshima. Republik Korea dan Jepang sama-sama bersikeras bahwa Kepulauan Dokdo atau Takeshima berada di bawah kedaulatan negaranya. Keduanya memiliki argumentasi masing-masing terhadap klaim mereka tersebut. Penelitian ini akan membahas argumentasi kedua negara serta menganalisisnya dari sudut pandang hukum internasional. Metode penelitian dalam penulisan ini ialah metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan sejarah, kasus, dan konseptual. Dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan, didapati bahwa Jepang mengklaim Kepulauan Dokdo merupakan wilayah terra nullius yang kemudian diokupasi, serta wilayah tersebut masih dalam kedaulatannya berdasarkan Perjanjian San Fransisco. Akan tetapi, klaim Republik Korea lebih kuat di mata hukum internasional, bila memperhatikan fakta historis, tindakan yang telah dilakukan, preseden yang ada, serta prinsip efektivitas. Berdasarkan prinsip efektivitas dalam hukum internasional, kontrol efektif yang telah dilakukan Korea selama ini, bahkan sebelum Jepang masuk dan menganeksasi Dokdo atau Takeshima, telah mematahkan klaim terra nullius yang dikemukakan Jepang, dan meneguhkan klaim kedaulatan Korea atas Dokdo atau Takeshima. Hal tersebut sebagaimana yang juga berlaku dalam kasus Sipadan-Ligitan dan kasus Pulau Palmas.

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 144-153
Author(s):  
Sam Trubridge
Keyword(s):  

2021 ◽  
pp. 194277862110557
Author(s):  
Ivana Bevilacqua

The ongoing “Intifada of Unity” against Israel's settler colonialism has resuscitated discussions about the liberatory potential of digital emancipation due to the massive data traffic circulation through its international media coverage. In fact, in a process that has intensified since the outbreak of the global pandemic at the very least, social media platforms and geospatial mapping tools have been subverted from more mundane uses, developing into new forums for organizing, imagining, and practicing more just futures. Yet, the centrality of infrastructure both as a means of digital extractivism and as a site for rupture and resistance demonstrates that the path toward new trajectories of e-scaping cannot be conceived as a virtual venture directed at designing alternative volatile geographies alone, but should always involve facing and challenging power in its everyday forms. By investigating the materiality of cyber colonialism, this paper explores the entanglement between imperial cartography and digital map-making which has reduced Palestinians and their space to a pixelated terra nullius, sanitized from the paradigmatic sites of the occupation and overwritten by a pseudo-biblical narrative that aims to legitimize the re-indigenization of the Zionist settlers . At the same time, it unpacks online processes of hyper-visibility through which Palestine suddenly materializes as a signifier for its dangerous nature, yet fragmented and enclaved by an intangible and discretional regime of im/mobility enforced through the neglect of permits and visas, as well as by the material constraints posed by apartheid roads, barriers, checkpoints, gates, and walls. Finally, it retraces the rationality of Israeli violence diluted through the technical means of built environment, infrastructure, machines and algorithms which, on one hand, contributes to the de-development of Palestine and the censorship of its people, and on the other, normalizes Israel’s position in the region due to its perceived technological superiority vis-à-vis its neighboring counterparts.


Author(s):  
Margaret Hanzimanolis

This essay examines South African shipwrecks and shipwreck survivor accounts in relation to land settlements and indigenous food production systems in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. By analysing a collection of Portuguese shipwreck accounts it discovers that African land, often portrayed by colonising forces as Terra Nullius - empty land - in their efforts to rationalise usurping it, was actually populated by settled pastoral communities. Further analysis of the shipwreck accounts reveal the presence of racial typography and the attitudes toward indigenous southern Africans, which would become another rationalisation for usurping land in later colonisation efforts. It concludes that these accounts offer evidence disproving Terra Nullius assertions, whilst also providing an example of how the colonial mindset interpreted the ownership of land.


2020 ◽  
pp. 147-177
Author(s):  
Catriona Elder
Keyword(s):  

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