Measurements of Electron Density in the Charge Exchange Plasma of an Ion Thruster

1997 ◽  
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pp. 783-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. T. De Boer
1981 ◽  
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Author(s):  
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M.E. Brady

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 1929-1934
Author(s):  
任军学 Ren Junxue ◽  
李娟 Li Juan ◽  
仇钎 Qiu Qian ◽  
汤海滨 Tang Haibin ◽  
温正 Wen Zheng

Science ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 310 (5749) ◽  
pp. 837-839 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Pätzold ◽  
S. Tellmann ◽  
B. Häusler ◽  
D. Hinson ◽  
R. Schaa ◽  
...  

The daytime martian ionosphere has been observed as a two-layer structure with electron densities that peak at altitudes between about 110 and 130 kilometers. The Mars Express Orbiter Radio Science Experiment on the European Mars Express spacecraft observed, in 10 out of 120 electron density profiles, a third ionospheric layer at altitude ranges of 65 to 110 kilometers, where electron densities, on average, peaked at 0.8 × 1010 per cubic meter. Such a layer has been predicted to be permanent and continuous. Its origin has been attributed to ablation of meteors and charge exchange of magnesium and iron. Our observations imply that this layer is present sporadically and locally.


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