scholarly journals Ceramic Floor Tiles from the Excavation at Sobornaya Square in Tver (Based on Researching of 2013–2014)

Author(s):  
И.А. САФАРОВА ◽  
Л.А. БЕЛЯЕВ ◽  
А.Н. ХОХЛОВ

В статье представлены результаты исследований коллекции керамических плиток пола, полученной при раскопках на месте тверского Спасо-Преображенского собора 1285 года. Проведен анализ морфологических и технологических признаков, реконструирована технология изготовления изделий, выделены типы плиток, установлена хронология находок. Полученные результаты позволили установить отдельные этапы использования в интерьере собора керамических плиток и реконструировать их разновременные наборы. Среди обнаруженных находок удалось выделить плитки XIII в., относящиеся к дособорному деревянному храму – церкви Козьмы и Демьяна. The report deals with research results of ceramic floor tiles collection found during the excavation at the site of non-existent nowadays Transfiguration of the Savior Cathedral built in 1285. The collection was analyzed by its morphological and technological characteristics. Tiles manufacturing technology was reconstructed and they were classified by types and according to finding chronology. These results made it possible to outline separate periods during which ceramic tiles were used as part of the Cathedral interior and reconstruct tiles sets of different periods. There were tiles of the XIII century among these findings which are related to earlier wooden Church of Saints Cosmas and Damian.

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. e4410413865
Author(s):  
Ana Virgínia Lot ◽  
Ana Paula Margarido Menegazzo ◽  
Camila Tavares Brasileiro ◽  
Fábio Gomes Melchiades ◽  
Anselmo Ortega Boschi

The characteristics of the floor surface profile are one of the factors that can be responsible for slip and fall accidents. To reduce the incidence of these accidents, it is essential to identify the profile features necessary for floor covering materials to be suitable for slipping risk areas. The objective of the present work was to investigate correlations between the slip resistance and the surface roughness of ceramic floor tiles. The slip resistance and the surface roughness of commercial ceramic tiles, with a diversity of surface finishes, were characterized by the pendulum method and contact profilometry, respectively. It was concluded that the presence of a large number of sharp peaks per unit of length of the profile is required for high slip resistance ceramic tiles. It was also found that the presence of waviness contributes to increasing the floors slip resistance even more. Through regression analysis, a good correlation between the pendulum results and the roughness parameter Ra was found.


2003 ◽  
Vol 2 (S1) ◽  
pp. 155-169
Author(s):  
Robert Howse ◽  
Damien J. Neven

The WTO rules on dumping and anti-dumping reflect a political bargain, negotiated in the context of a fundamental normative dissensus as to whether dumping is a “wrong” practice and why.In the GATT, there is an apparently strong statement against dumping, which can be defined as the sale of a product in the country of importation at a lower price than in the country of exportation, or at below cost. Dumping, the GATT says, is to be “condemned.” However, this is immediately followed by the qualification “if it causes or threatens material injury to an established industry in the territory of a contracting party or materially retards the establishment of a domestic injury”(Article VI.1: emphasis added).


2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmeane Effting ◽  
Marilena Valadares Folgueras ◽  
Saulo Güths ◽  
Orestes Estevam Alarcon

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