Aflibercept or ranibizumab for the treatment of diabetic macular edema; a retrospective study

Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a significant cause of diabetic retinopathy and a major cause of vision loss. In this study, we aimed to evaluate and compare the efficacy of two injectable drugs; intravitreal Aflibercept and intravitreal Ranibizumab for the treatment of DME of the eyes. A retrospective chart review was conducted for patients diagnosed with DME from March 2014 to January 2019 who received either intravitreal Aflibercept or intravitreal Ranibizumab injection. A total of 57 eyes were included, of which 19 eyes were treated with intravitreal Ranibizumab injection, and 38 eyes were treated with intravitreal Aflibercept injection; all eyes were examined for 3 months. Two outcomes were assessed in this study, namely; visual acuity (VA) and central macular thickness (CMT). The mean age in the Ranibizumab group was 61.1±9.5 vs 64.3±10.2 in the Aflibercept group with no significant difference (p-value=0.25). The ratio of improvement in visual acuity (VA) in the Ranibizumab group was 68.4% vs 44.7% in the Aflibercept group; (p-value=0.038) which demonstrates the superiority of Ranibizumab over Aflibercept concerning visual acuity result. However, there is no statistically significant difference between the ratio of improvement in central macular thickness (CMT) results in both groups; (p-value=1.00). In fact, the ratio of improvement in CMT in both groups was the same 78.9% for both the groups. The pre and post results demonstrated improvement in post-procedural for CMT among both the groups but only Ranibizumab group showed VA improvement post-procedural. Through this study, we concluded that both injectable drugs improve visual acuity (VA) and decrease central macular thickness (CMT) in eyes with DME. However, Ranibizumab is superior in improving visual acuity compared to Aflibercept. Further comparative effectiveness trials between Aflibercept and Ranibizumab are still warranted.

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Efıcacy of Mıcropulse Laser In The Treatment of Dıabetıc Macular Edema

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1096365/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Faruk Bıçak ◽

Özcan Rasim Kayıkçıoğu ◽

Muhammed Altınışık ◽

Suzan Doğruya ◽

Emin Kurt

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Macular Edema ◽

Diabetic Macular Edema ◽

Macular Thickness ◽

Central Macular Thickness ◽

Intravitreal Ranibizumab ◽

Thickness Change ◽

Macular Volume ◽

Micropulse Laser ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract Purpose: In this study, we aimed to evaluate and compare the visual acuity, macular volume, central macular thickness, change in number of intravitreal ranibizumab injections with micropulse laser applications after loading dose of antiVEGF to DME patients.Study Design: Retrospective study Methods: This study was carried out on 97 patients (45 ranibizumab and 52 micropuls grid laser + ranibizumab) with diabetic macular edema patients who were followed in the Retina Unit. At the control visit after three loading ranibizumab injections administered once a month, micropuls grid laser was applied to one group and ranibizumab injection was continued PRN to both groups for an average of 9.27 ± 2.42 months and central macular thickness, macular volume and visual acuity were recorded. Results: There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of gender, smoking and systemic diseases, initial central macular thickness, macular volume and visual acuity measurements (p> 0.05). Central macular thickness, macular volume and visual acuity values measured at the last follow-up of the patients were not significantly different between the groups (p> 0.05). The mean post-treatment injection requirement was 4.19 ± 1.01 for the ranibizumab with micropuls laser group and 5.53 ± 1.14 for the ranibizumab group. In the group treated with micropuls laser, statistically less number of intravitreal ranibizumab injections were needed (p <0.001). Conclusion: Micropulse laser treatment after initial loading doses reduces the need for antiVEGF injections. Studies with the participation of more patients may help in the selection of treatment methods by comparing micropulse laser combined with different injection protocols.

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Change in Visual Acuity in Relation to Central Macular Thickness after Intravitreal Bevacizumab in Diabetic Macular Edema

Pakistan Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.36351/pjo.v36i3.1051 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Muhammad Ali Haider ◽

Uzma Sattar ◽

Syeda Rushda Zaidi

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Macular Edema ◽

Diabetic Macular Edema ◽

Intravitreal Bevacizumab ◽

Macular Thickness ◽

Rank Test ◽

P Value ◽

Central Macular Thickness ◽

Anti Vegf ◽

Quasi Experimental

Purpose: To evaluate the change in visual acuity in relation to decrease in central macular thickness,after a single dose of intravitreal Bevacizumab injection.Study Design: Quasi experimental study.Place and Duration of Study: Punjab Rangers Teaching Hospital, Lahore, from January 2019 to June 2019.Material and Methods: 70 eyes with diabetic macular edema were included in the study. Patients having high refractive errors (spherical equivalent of > ± 7.5D) and visual acuity worse than +1.2 or better than +0.2 on log MAR were excluded. Central macular edema was measured in μm on OCT and visual acuity was documentedusing Log MAR chart. These values were documented before and at 01 month after injection with intravitrealBevacizumab. Wilcoxon Signed rank test was used to evaluate the difference in VA beforeand after the anti-VEGF injection. Difference in visual acuity and macular edema (central) was observed,analyzed and represented in p value. P value was considered statistically significant if it was less than 0.01%.Results: Mean age of patients was 52.61 ± 1.3. Vision improved from 0.90 ± 0.02 to 0.84 ± 0.02 on log MARchart. The change was statistically significant with p value < 0.001. Central macular thickness reduced from 328 ±14 to 283 ± 10.6 μm on OCT after intravitreal anti-VEGF, with significant p value < 0.001.Conclusion: A 45 μm reduction in central macular thickness was associated with 0.1 Log MAR unit improvementin visual acuity after intravitreal Bevacizumab in diabetic macular edema.

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Effect of Adding Losartan to Bevacizumab for Treating Diabetic Macular Edema

Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1155/2020/4528491 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Fariba Ghassemi ◽

Abdulrahim Amini ◽

Masoud Yasemi ◽

Amin Nabavi ◽

Mohammadkarim Johari

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Visual Acuity ◽

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Macular Edema ◽

Diabetic Macular Edema ◽

Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽

Macular Thickness ◽

Central Macular Thickness ◽

Nonproliferative Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Significant Difference

Introduction. Diabetic retinopathy is the most common cause of visual loss and blindness in the age group of 20 to 64 years. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of oral Losartan adjuvant therapy in combination with intravitreal injection of Bevacizumab in the treatment of diabetic macular edema. Methods. In this randomized clinical trial, 61 eyes of 47 patients with normal blood pressure and diabetic macular edema and nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy were studied. Patients were randomly divided into Losartan (n = 33) and control (n = 28) groups. All patients received 3–6 intravitreal injections of Bevacizumab over 6 months. General examination including blood pressure and glycosylated hemoglobin measurements were performed in all patients. Complete ophthalmologic examination and macular OCT were performed at the first, third, and sixth months of treatment in all patients. Results. The mean age of the patients studied was 57.1 ± 7.4 years and 37.7% of the patients were male. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of initial visual acuity, central macular thickness, and frequency of injections. There was no significant difference in visual acuity and central macular thickness between the two groups at the first, third, and sixth months of treatment. Age, frequency of injection, and initial macular thickness less than 450 microns were effective in patients’ final visual acuity. Conclusion. Short-term adjuvant treatment with Losartan in patients with diabetic macular edema and nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy has no greater effect than the standard treatment.

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Comparison of the Effectiveness of Intravitreal Ranibizumab for Diabetic Macular Edema in Vitrectomized and Nonvitrectomized Eyes

Ophthalmologica ◽

10.1159/000446992 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 236 (2) ◽

pp. 67-73 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Yoshito Koyanagi ◽

Shigeo Yoshida ◽

Yoshiyuki Kobayashi ◽

Yuki Kubo ◽

Muneo Yamaguchi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Macular Edema ◽

Diabetic Macular Edema ◽

Treatment Option ◽

Central Macular Thickness ◽

Intravitreal Ranibizumab ◽

Corrected Visual Acuity ◽

The Mean ◽

The Difference ◽

Best Corrected Visual Acuity

Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) for diabetic macular edema (DME) between eyes with and without previous vitrectomy. Procedures: We prospectively assessed the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT) after IVR for 6 months. Results: There were no significant differences in the baseline BCVA and CMT between both groups. In the nonvitrectomized group (n = 15), the mean changes of BCVA and CMT from baseline to month 6 were significant (p < 0.01). In the vitrectomized group (n = 10), the improvement appeared to be slower, and the mean BCVA improvement was not significant (p = 0.5), although the mean CMT decrease was significant (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the mean changes of BCVA and CMT between both groups at 6 months. Conclusions: The difference in the effectiveness of IVR between both groups was not significant. IVR can be a treatment option even for vitrectomized DME eyes.

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Comparison of aflibercept and ranibizumab in diabetic macular edema associated with subretinal detachment

European Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1177/1120672119827855 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 363-369 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Abdullah Ozkaya ◽

Gokhan Demir ◽

Asli Kirmaci

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Retinal Detachment ◽

Macular Edema ◽

Diabetic Macular Edema ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Intravitreal Ranibizumab ◽

Corrected Visual Acuity ◽

Intravitreal Aflibercept ◽

Best Corrected Visual Acuity

Purpose: To compare the efficacy of ranibizumab and aflibercept in the treatment of diabetic macular edema associated with subfoveal retinal detachment. Methods: This is a retrospective, comparative study. The treatment-naïve diabetic macular edema patients who had diabetic macular edema associated with subfoveal retinal detachment and underwent intravitreal aflibercept or intravitreal ranibizumab treatment were included. The patients were treated on a pro re nata treatment regimen after a loading dose of 3-monthly injections and the follow-up time was 12 months. The primary outcome measure of this study was the presence of subfoveal retinal detachment after treatment at different time points. The secondary outcome measures were the change in best corrected visual acuity and central retinal thickness. Results: A total of 46 eyes of 46 patients were included. The aflibercept group consisted of 20 and the ranibizumab group consisted of 26 eyes. During the follow-up period of 12 months, subfoveal retinal detachment was completely resolved in 75% versus 57.7% of the eyes at month 3 (p = 0.2), 90% versus 76.9% at month 6 (p = 0.2), 90% versus 65.4% at month 9 (p = 0.05), and 100% versus 80.8% at month 12 (p = 0.03) in the intravitreal aflibercept versus intravitreal ranibizumab groups. The change in best corrected visual acuity was not statistically different between the groups at months 3, 6, 9, and 12, respectively (p > 0.05 for all). Conclusion: Both intravitreal aflibercept and intravitreal ranibizumab were effective in regards to anatomical and functional outcomes of diabetic macular edema patients associated with subfoveal retinal detachment. Interestingly, intravitreal aflibercept seemed more effective than intravitreal ranibizumab in the resolution of subfoveal retinal detachment at month 12.

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Correlation of visual acuity and central macular thickness in diabetic macular edema

Acta Ophthalmologica ◽

10.1111/j.1755-3768.2015.0469 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 93 ◽

pp. n/a-n/a ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

A. El Matri Hassairi ◽

A. Chebil ◽

M. Ben Abdallah ◽

R. Maamouri ◽

N. Chaker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Macular Edema ◽

Diabetic Macular Edema ◽

Macular Thickness ◽

Central Macular Thickness

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CHOROIDAL THICKNESS IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETIC MACULAR EDEMA

Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal ◽

10.51253/pafmj.v71i2.3286 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 71 (2) ◽

pp. 433-37

Author(s):

Amash Aqil ◽

Muhammad Moin ◽

Khadijah Abid ◽

Ahsan Mehmood

Keyword(s):

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Macular Edema ◽

Diabetic Macular Edema ◽

Choroidal Thickness ◽

Macular Thickness ◽

Control Group ◽

Central Macular Thickness ◽

Department Of Ophthalmology ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean

Objective: To evaluate central macular thickness and choroidal thickness in patients with macular edema due to diabetic retinopathy versus controls. Study Design: Cross-sectional comparative study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Ophthalmology, Lahore General Hospital, Lahore, from Jan to Jul 2018. Methodology: A retrospective data of 100 eyes from 50 patients having with diabetic macular edema associated with diabetic retinopathy was extracted from hospital registry. Additionally, 100 eyes of 50 individuals without any preexisting ocular conditions, comprising a control group was included in the study. Choroidal thickness measurements were made from the posterior edge of the retinal pigment epithelium to the choroid/sclera junction at subfoveal level using optical coherence tomography. Central macular thickness was also measured for all the enrolled patients. Results: One hundred patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were enrolled in our study. The mean age was 56.27 ± 14.41 years. The mean Central macular thickness of all the patients were reported as 270.49 ± 72.38 μm, while the choroidal thickness was 284.89 ± 96.51 μm. There was statistically significant difference in central macular thickness between both healthy and diabetic retinopathy with diabetic macular edema groups (p=0.001), whereas insignificant difference existed between the two groups forchoroidal thickness (p=0.735). Conclusion: In patients with diabetic macular edema no significant change in choroidal thickness was observed compared with healthy controls, while the thickness of the retina was high in patients with macular edema due to diabetes.

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Outcomes of Intravitreal Bevacizumab in Patients with Diabetic Macular Edema at a Tertiary Hospital in Northern Tanzania

Ophthalmology Research An International Journal ◽

10.9734/or/2020/v12i430153 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 27-34

Author(s):

Shariza Kanji ◽

Kazim Dhalla ◽

William Makupa

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Macular Edema ◽

Diabetic Macular Edema ◽

Intravitreal Bevacizumab ◽

Macular Thickness ◽

Central Macular Thickness ◽

Central Vision ◽

Macular Volume ◽

The Mean ◽

Anatomical Outcomes

Background: Diabetic macular edema is a type of diabetic maculopathy affecting the central vision, ranging from mild blur to blindness. Laser photocoagulation has been the mainstay of treatment for the past three decades but it has a limited role in improving the central vision. Recent introduction of anti-vascular endothelial growth factors appears to be promising in restoring vision. However, due to its short half life multiple injections are required to control edema and maintain vision. Objectives: To determine the visual and anatomical outcomes of intravitreal bevacizumab in patients with diabetic macular edema. Methods: A hospital based retrospective cross-sectional study was done at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Center eye department from 2011- 2015. During this time, patients with diabetic macular edema who were given intravitreal bevacizumab and satisfied the inclusion criteria were included in the study. Visual acuity, central macular thickness and macular volume were recorded at baseline, six, twelve, eighteen, twenty four and thirty weeks respectively. Optical coherence tomography was used to record central macular thickness and macular volume. Univariate and multivariate binary regression analysis were done and the p-value, odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were calculated. Results: The prevalence of Diabetic macular edema was 15.4%. Mean baseline visual acuity improved from 0.9 ± 0.57 log MAR (6/48) to 0.6±0.49 log MAR (6/24) (95% CI 0.207 - 0.389) at 30 weeks. The mean baseline central macular thickness decreased from 426.97 ± 148.358 μm to 280.98 ± 95.89 μm at 30 weeks (95% 151.531 - 187.044, P < .001). The mean baseline macular volume decreased significantly from 10.59 ± 2.55 mm3 to 8.38 ± 1.498 mm3 (95% CI 1.860 - 2.886) at 30 weeks. In multivariate analysis, patients with no hypertension were more likely to have a better visual outcome of 6/18 or better (95% CI 1.064 - 4.420, P < .033). Conclusion: This study shows a high burden of diabetic macular edema in our setting. Intravitreal bevacizumab injection results in better visual and anatomical outcomes.

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Comparison of outcomes between intravitreal ranibizumab and intravitreal aflibercept for diabetic macular edema with “Treat-and-Extend” regimen

10.21203/rs.2.16775/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Masahiko Sugimoto ◽

Shinichiro Chujo ◽

Taku Sasaki ◽

Atsushi Ichio ◽

Ryohei Miyata ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Macular Edema ◽

Diabetic Macular Edema ◽

Intravitreal Ranibizumab ◽

Treat And Extend ◽

Corrected Visual Acuity ◽

Intravitreal Aflibercept ◽

Number Of Injections ◽

Best Corrected Visual Acuity ◽

Treat And Extend Regimen

Abstract Background To compare the effectiveness of intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) and aflibercept (IVA) with the Treat-and-Extend (TAE) regimen for diabetic macular edema (DME).Patients and methods Thirteen eyes received an intravitreal injection of 0.5 mg ranibizumab (mean age, 70.9±6.0 years) and 13 eyes received 2 mg aflibercept (65.9±8.6 years). After 3 consecutive monthly injections, they received additional injections with the TAE regimen. The changes in the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), CRT, and total number of injections were compared.Results No significant differences were detected in the baseline demographics. The BCVA was significantly improved for both groups; 0.31±0.19 to 0.10±0.12 logMAR units for IVR and 0.41±0.19 to 0.16±0.28 logMAR units for IVA at 24 months ( P <0.01). The CRT was significantly reduced in both groups; 440.9±69.3 to 307.5±66.4 μm for IVR and 473.9±71.5 to 317.8±71.2 μm for IVA at 24 months ( P <0.01). No significant differences were detected in the improvements of the BCVA and reduction in the CRT between them. The total number injections were significant fewer for the IVA group (11.0±1.2) than the IVR group (12.0±1.0) at 24 months ( P =0.02).Conclusion The results showed that the TAE regimen was effective. The IVA group required fewer injections to attain the same improvements.

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Recurrent Diabetic Macular Edema: What to Do

Case Reports in Ophthalmology ◽

10.1159/000480119 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 465-474 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Rita Santos Gonçalves ◽

Carla Teixeira ◽

Pedro Coelho

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Macular Edema ◽

Diabetic Macular Edema ◽

Fluocinolone Acetonide ◽

Macular Thickness ◽

Central Macular Thickness ◽

Effective Treatment Option ◽

Intravitreal Implant ◽

Surgical Treatments ◽

Fluocinolone Acetonide Intravitreal Implant

Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a leading cause of blindness in the working population. Herein, we report the case of a patient with recurrent DME for about 6 years, uncontrolled by several medical and surgical treatments, that was successfully treated with a single sustained-release fluocinolone acetonide intravitreal implant in her right eye. The affected eye had presented a visual acuity of 2/10 and a central macular thickness of 488 µm prior to the injection. After treatment with the fluocinolone acetonide intravitreal implant, the patient’s right eye presented an improvement in best corrected visual acuity to 6/10 and a reduction of central macular thickness to 198 µm. These functional and anatomical results were continuous and sustained during a follow-up period of more than 12 months, and with an acceptable and manageable safety profile. These results show that fluocinolone acetonide intravitreal implantation is an effective treatment option in DME and should be considered in the DME treatment pathway.

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