scholarly journals Report on the Sixth International Meeting of the European Laboratory Working Group on Diphtheria, Brussels, Belgium

2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Lai ◽  
A Efstratiou ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Surveillance System ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Toxin Gene ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
International Meeting ◽  
Serological Studies ◽  
European Laboratory ◽  
Degrees Of Severity ◽  
Epidemiological Significance ◽  
Sixth International

In addition to the Eastern European resurgence of diphtheria during the last decade, there has also been an emergence of infections caused by non-toxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae and non-toxigenic, toxin gene bearing C. diphtheriae. Given that these strains may manifest as symptomatic infections of differing degrees of severity, their clinical and epidemiological significance need to be assessed. The persistence of toxigenic and non-toxigenic C. diphtheriae in circulation, together with genotypic and biotype variability means that innovative measures to vaccinate populations are pertinent. The most effective method of protecting the currently most vulnerable population group (adults) is to implement a booster dose of vaccine amongst the adult populations. Furthermore, in combination with an efficient surveillance system, effective antibiotic prophylaxis and an up-to-date vaccination programme, serological studies needs to be maintained to monitor the immunity status of the population.

scholarly journals Aging and Gender Health Gap: A Multilevel Analysis for 17 European Countries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Gómez-Costilla ◽  
Carmen García-Prieto ◽  
Noelia Somarriba-Arechavala
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Population Group ◽  
European Population ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Inequalities In Health ◽  
Social Democratic ◽  
Health Gap ◽  
Eastern European Countries

AbstractThe European population is aging and their declining capacity makes older Europeans more dependent on the availability of care. Male and female health needs at older ages are different, yet there are contradictory results on the study of gender inequalities in health among the older European population. The aim of this article is twofold: first, we study whether there is a general gender health gap at older ages across Europe. Secondly, we analyze the existence of an increasing or decreasing universal association between the gender health gap and age among the older European population or whether, by contrast, this depends on the type of welfare state. To achieve these goals, we use data from the Survey on Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) for respondents aged 50 and over in 2015, and we carry out several multilevel random intercept logistic regressions for European countries. Our results show that when we split European countries into groups according to the type of welfare state, we only find a significant gender health gap in older people in Southern and Social Democratic countries. Some differences have been found in the links between the gender health gap and age among European countries. Old women report worse health than men at all ages in Southern countries while in Social Democratic states it is only true for women aged 80 and over. In Bismarckian states there are barely any gender differences, while the gender health gap has no clearly defined bias. Between the ages of 60 and 79, men from Eastern European countries report poorer health, while after 80 it is women who report poorer health. In general, we found the widest gender inequalities in health for the oldest population group, especially in Southern and Eastern European countries.

scholarly journals Fatal injuries and economic development in the population sample of Central and Eastern European Countries: the perspective of adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (8) ◽  
pp. 1403-1412
Author(s):  
Michal Miovsky ◽  
Beata Gavurova ◽  
Viera Ivankova ◽  
Martin Rigelsky ◽  
Jaroslav Sejvl
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Population Group ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Injury Mortality ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
Fatal Injuries

Abstract Objectives Researches consider the young generation (adolescents) to be the population group whose mortality from injury has the lowest effect on economic growth. The objective was to evaluate the relations between economic indicators and preventable injury mortality in Central and Eastern European Countries (CEECs), with a primary focus on adolescents. Methods The analyses included health indicators of preventable injury mortality and economic indicators that represent human development and economic growth in the CEECs from 1990 to 2016. The analytical process involved a population group divided by age (0–14 years: children, 15–24 years: adolescents, 25–74 years: adults) and gender. Descriptive analysis, cluster analysis and primarily panel regression analysis were used. Results Significant effects of economic indicators on drowning were found in all analysed relations. In the group of adolescents, significant effects of fatal falls were found. Overall, it can be concluded that the effects of fatal injuries are not homogenous between age and gender groups. Conclusions The effects of years and individual countries should be taken into account in the cross-sectional analyses. In terms of economic growth, public policies should focus on drowning in children, on falls in adolescents and on transport accidents, fire injuries and poisoning in adults.

Joined in death: highlights of the Sixth International Meeting on Yeast Apoptosis in Leuven, Belgium, 30 April-4 May 2008

Yeast ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 927-934 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Thevissen ◽  
Frank Madeo ◽  
Paula Ludovico ◽  
Bruno Cammue ◽  
Joris Winderickx
Keyword(s):  
International Meeting ◽  
Sixth International
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