scholarly journals CHANGES IN THE LEVEL OF PANCREATIC HORMONES DURING ELECTRICAL STIMULATION AND THE INTRODUCTION OF SUBSTANCE P INTO THE CENTRAL STRUCTURES OF THE BRAIN

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Grebenkina ◽  
Anastasia Isakova
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Substance P ◽  
Pancreatic Hormones ◽  
The Brain

Somatostatin modulates cholinergic neurotransmission in canine antral muscle

1988 ◽  
Vol 254 (2) ◽  
pp. G201-G209 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. B. Koelbel ◽  
G. van Deventer ◽  
S. Khawaja ◽  
M. Mogard ◽  
J. H. Walsh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Substance P ◽  
Prostaglandin E2 ◽  
Positive Inotropic Effect ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Inotropic Effect ◽  
Inotropic Response ◽  
Cholinergic Neurotransmission

Somatostatin has been shown to inhibit antral motility in vivo. To examine the effect of somatostatin on cholinergic neurotransmission in the canine antrum, we studied the mechanical response of and the release of [3H]acetylcholine from canine longitudinal antral muscle in response to substance P, gastrin 17, and electrical stimulation. In unstimulated tissues, somatostatin had a positive inotropic effect on spontaneous phasic contractions. In tissues stimulated with substance P and gastrin 17, but not with electrical stimulation, somatostatin inhibited the phasic inotropic response dose dependently. This inhibitory effect was abolished by indomethacin. Somatostatin stimulated the release of prostaglandin E2 radioimmunoreactivity, and prostaglandin E2 inhibited the release of [3H]acetylcholine induced by substance P and electrical stimulation. Somatostatin increased the release of [3H]acetylcholine from unstimulated tissues by a tetrodotoxin-sensitive mechanism but inhibited the release induced by substance P and electrical stimulation. These results suggest that somatostatin has a dual modulatory effect on cholinergic neurotransmission in canine longitudinal antral muscle. This effect is excitatory in unstimulated tissues and inhibitory in stimulated tissues. The inhibitory effect is partially mediated by prostaglandins.

scholarly journals Substance P Signaling Contributes to Granuloma Formation inTaenia crassicepsInfection, a Murine Model of Cysticercosis

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armandina Garza ◽  
David J. Tweardy ◽  
Joel Weinstock ◽  
Balaji Viswanathan ◽  
Prema Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Substance P ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Cytokine Production ◽  
Taenia Solium ◽  
Granuloma Formation ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Granulomatous Reaction ◽  
Pain Transmission ◽  
Neurokinin 1 ◽  
The Brain

Cysticercosis is an infection with larval cysts of the cestodeTaenia solium. Through pathways that are incompletely understood, dying parasites initiate a granulomatous reaction that, in the brain, causes seizures. Substance P (SP), a neuropeptide involved in pain-transmission, contributes to inflammation and previously was detected in granulomas associated with deadT. crassicepscysts. To determine if SP contributes to granuloma formation, we measured granuloma-size and levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 within granulomas inT. crassiceps-infected wild type (WT) mice and mice deficient in SP-precursor (SPP) or the SP-receptor (neurokinin 1, NK1). Granuloma volumes of infected SPP- and NK1-knockout mice were reduced by 31 and 36%, respectively, compared to WT mice (P<.05for both) and produced up to 5-fold less IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 protein. Thus, SP signaling contributes to granuloma development and proinflammatory cytokine production inT. crassicepsinfection and suggests a potential role for this mediator in human cystercercosis.

Effect of substance P on the content of catecholamines and on the enzymes of their synthesis in the brain of chronically alcoholized rats

1994 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 728-730
Author(s):  
I. P. Anokhina ◽  
A. G. Veretinskaya ◽  
A. A. Rodionov ◽  
N. A. Khristolyubova
Keyword(s):  
Substance P ◽  
Chronically Alcoholized Rats ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals Further Exploring the Brain–Skin Connection: Stress Worsens Dermatitis via Substance P-dependent Neurogenic Inflammation in Mice

2008 ◽  
Vol 128 (2) ◽  
pp. 434-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanja Pavlovic ◽  
Maria Daniltchenko ◽  
Desmond J. Tobin ◽  
Evelin Hagen ◽  
Stephen P. Hunt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance P ◽  
Neurogenic Inflammation ◽  
The Brain

Vascular responses of dura mater

1989 ◽  
Vol 257 (1) ◽  
pp. H157-H161 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. M. Faraci ◽  
K. A. Kadel ◽  
D. D. Heistad
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Substance P ◽  
Dura Mater ◽  
Sympathetic Nerves ◽  
Vascular Headache ◽  
Vascular Responses ◽  
Anesthetized Dogs ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Increased Blood Flow

The goal of this study was to examine vascular responses of the dura mater. Microspheres were used to measure blood flow to the dura and brain in anesthetized dogs. Under control conditions, blood flow to the dura was 38 +/- 3 (SE) ml.min-1.100 g-1. Values for blood flow to the dura obtained with simultaneous injection of 15- and 50-microns microspheres were similar, which suggests that shunting of 15-microns spheres was minimal. Left atrial infusion of substance P (100 ng.kg-1.min-1) and serotonin (40 micrograms.kg-1.min-1), two agonists that have been reported to increase vascular permeability in the dura, increased blood flow to the dura two- to threefold. Adenosine (iv) produced vasodilatation in the dura. Adenosine and serotonin did not affect cerebral blood flow, but substance P increased blood flow to the brain by approximately 40%. Seizures, which produce pronounced dilatation of cerebral vessels despite activation of sympathetic nerves, produced vasoconstriction in the dura. Thus 1) the dura is perfused at a relatively high level of blood flow under normal conditions and is very responsive to vasoactive stimuli, and 2) substance P and serotonin, which have been implicated in the pathogenesis of vascular headache, produce pronounced vasodilator responses in the dura mater.

Substance P in the brain Cerebrospinal fluid of facial pain patients

Pain ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. S494
Author(s):  
A.J. Bouckoms ◽  
W.H. Sweet ◽  
N. Aronin
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Substance P ◽  
Facial Pain ◽  
Pain Patients ◽  
The Brain
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