scholarly journals The Impact of Government Policies on Female Labor Force Participation Rates

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Casey Abington
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Female Labor Force Participation ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Participation Rates ◽  
Female Labor ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Role of Female Labor Force Participation in Child Health

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 373-388
Author(s):  
Mabrooka Altaf ◽  
Tusawar Iftikhar Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Azhar Bhatti
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Immunization Coverage ◽  
Female Labor Force Participation ◽  
World Health ◽  
P Value ◽  
Female Labor ◽  
Child Immunization ◽  
The Impact

The objective of the study is to investigate the impact of female labor force participation on child (under 5-years of age) health in Pakistan. Child health was gauged through child immunization coverage status measured by recording receipt of 22 doses of eight basic vaccines.  A micro data set (i.e., 5872 children) from Pakistan Demographic Health Survey (PDHS) 2017-2018 was utilized for the study. As per recommendations of the World Health Organization, if a child had received all the 22 doses of those eight important vaccinations, he/she was assumed as highly immunized, and vice versa. The impact of mothers’ employment and other explanatory variables, on child health, was investigated using Ordered logistic regression. The child with higher birth order (OR = 0.927; p-value = 0.000), the child of not-working mother (OR = 0.829; p-value = 0.012), the child of illiterate mothers (OR = 0.606; p-value = 0.000), the child of the mother having no own mobile phone (OR = 0.793; p-value = 0.000), and the child belonged to the poorest family (OR = 0.535; p-value = 0.000) had less likelihood of immunization coverage. Mother’s age (OR = 1.055; p-value = 0.005), number of ANC visits made by the mother (OR = 0.925; p-value = 0.000), and male gender of the child (OR = 1.086; p-value = 0.082) had more probabilities for child immunization coverage. Hence, there is a need to alleviate poverty and gender discrimination as well as to create  opportunities to increase female education, awareness, and labor force participation for better outcomes relating to child health.

Female labor force participation and fertility differentials

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-164
Author(s):  
Irakli Japaridze
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Female Labor Force Participation ◽  
Participation Rates ◽  
Female Labor ◽  
Expected Return ◽  
Fertility Differentials ◽  
Fertility Distribution ◽  
Average Fertility

AbstractUS women, on average, had approximately two children in both the 1930s and in the 1970s, yet the fertility distribution in the 1930s was less concentrated. This implies change in reproductive behavior, which cannot be captured by models focusing on average fertility. To explain these changes, I have developed a model that makes a distinction between sons and daughters. In this model, the female labor force participation rate is the probability of each girl becoming an employed woman. This endogenizes the empirically observed difference in the propensity for an all-girl household to have another child compared to an all-boy household, generating large fertility differentials at low participation rates. Higher participation rates raise the expected return from an additional child, as well as the expected return from existing daughters. The first effect tends to increase fertility, while the second effect, for relatively concave utility functions, tends to decrease it, so that the distribution of completed fertilities becomes more concentrated.

scholarly journals Leaving Work Behind? The Impact of Emigration on Female Labor Force Participation in Morocco

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-153
Author(s):  
Audrey Lenoël ◽  
Anda David
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Female Labor Force Participation ◽  
Female Labor ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Family Work ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Unpaid Family Work

Based on a mixed-methods approach using the 2006–2007 Morocco Living Standards Measurement Survey and qualitative interviews, this article examines the distinct roles that international migration and remittances play in female labor force participation (FLFP) in origin-country households and discusses the implications in terms of women’s empowerment. We find that having an emigrant among household members increases FLFP for a given household, while receiving remittances decreases it. However, these effects are significant only for unpaid family work, that is, a category of work unlikely to lead to any form of economic empowerment. Although previous studies sometimes hypothesized that emigration could drive gender-sensitive development at origin, the quantitative and fieldwork findings suggest that, while paid work remains a route to female empowerment, predominantly male emigration is unlikely to play a positive role in supporting women’s access to income-generating activities in a society characterized by strong patriarchal gender norms and poor job opportunities.

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