The symbiotic mechanism between the chemoautotrophic symbiotic bacteria and its host deep-sea Calyptogena clams, and the reductive genome evolution of these symbionts

The escal light gland of three different-sized specimens of the deep-sea anglerfish Haplophryne mollis (family Linophrynidae) has been examined by light and electron microscopy. The light gland has a central cavity, with diverging branched ducts which ramify into numerous tightly-packed radial tubules. In the two largest specimens all glandular lumina contain symbiotic bacteria. Except for a thin-walled part of the typical radiating tubules, the epithelial walls of the light gland are of a uniform structure, consisting of flattened basal cells, situated next to the basal lamina, and tall cells extending to the lumen.In the smallest specimen examined the various parts of the light gland were not fully differentiated and only a very few symbiotic bacteria were present; its glandular epithelium differed from that of the two larger specimens by containing many goblet cells, the secretion of which may be important for the initial establishment of the right strain of symbiotic bacteriaObservations on the luminescence of live specimens have shown that the light emission can be rapidly modulated from within the esca. The in vivo flash kinetics are considerably slower than those of Dolopichthys longicornis, but similar to those of both the caruncle exudate of Ceratias holboelli and in vitro anglerfish bacterial luciferase.

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Effects of Hemagglutination Activity in the Serum of a Deep-Sea Vent Endemic Crab, Shinkaia Crosnieri, on Non-Symbiotic and Symbiotic Bacteria

Microbes and Environments ◽

10.1264/jsme2.me15066 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

pp. 228-234 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

So Fujiyoshi ◽

Hiroaki Tateno ◽

Tomoo Watsuji ◽

Hideyuki Yamaguchi ◽

Daisuke Fukushima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Deep Sea ◽

Symbiotic Bacteria ◽

Hemagglutination Activity

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Correction: Loss of genes related to Nucleotide Excision Repair (NER) and implications for reductive genome evolution in symbionts of deep-sea vesicomyid clams

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0176805 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. e0176805

Author(s):

Shigeru Shimamura ◽

Takashi Kaneko ◽

Genki Ozawa ◽

Mamiko Nishino Matsumoto ◽

Takeru Koshiishi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genome Evolution ◽

Nucleotide Excision Repair ◽

Deep Sea ◽

Excision Repair ◽

Correction Loss ◽

Nucleotide Excision

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Rhaptothyreus typicus Hope & Murphy, 1969 (Nematoda: Rhaptothyreidae): an anatomical study of an unusual deep-sea nematode

Nematology ◽

10.1163/156854106776179971 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 1-20 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Dmitry M. Miljutin ◽

Alexei V. Tchesunov ◽

Duane W. Hope

Keyword(s):

Light Microscopy ◽

Reproductive System ◽

Deep Sea ◽

Phylogenetic Relationships ◽

Anatomical Study ◽

Symbiotic Bacteria ◽

Solid Mass ◽

Oral Aperture ◽

Anterior Circle

Abstract Descriptions are given for the males of Rhaptothyreus typicus, a morphologically unique and incompletely investigated deep-sea nematode, using light microscopy, TEM, and SEM. The cephalic sensilla are arranged in two circles: an anterior circle consisting of six pairs of papilliform sensilla and a posterior circle consisting of four papilliform sensilla. The fovea of the giant, oblong, amphid is covered with cuticle bearing minute perforations. The actual amphidial aperture, revealed only by TEM, is minute and slitlike. The apical oral aperture is reduced to a simple pore and the vestigial pharynx is devoid of an internal lumen and musculature. The mid-gut is a trophosome consisting of a solid mass of irregularly-shaped cells filled with rod-shaped structures that are assumed to be intracellular symbiotic bacteria. There is no evidence of even a vestige of a reproductive system except for the presence of the single spiculum. The phylogenetic relationships of Rhaptothyreus remain unknown.

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