scholarly journals Anchoring does not activate examples associated with the anchor value

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Štěpán Bahník
Keyword(s):  
Absolute Judgment ◽  
Selective Activation ◽  
Anchoring Effect ◽  
Target Value ◽  
Initial Comparison ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
People First ◽  
Selective Accessibility Model ◽  
Provided Examples ◽  
Attribute Value

In the standard anchoring paradigm, people first compare a selected attribute of a target to a numeric value—an anchor. A subsequent absolute judgment of the target's attribute value is biased in the direction of the anchor. A prominent theory of the anchoring effect, the selective accessibility model, argues that people make the initial comparison by focusing on similarities between the target and the anchor, which activates information compatible with the anchor value being the target value. This activated information biases the subsequent estimate of the target value. To test the selective activation of information, the present study asked people to provide an example of the target's category following its comparison with an anchor. The attribute values of the provided examples were not biased in the direction of the anchor. However, they were positively associated with estimates of the target value. The study thus provides evidence for the use of activated information in the absolute judgment in the standard anchoring paradigm, but it does not show the selective activation of information compatible with the anchor value predicted by the selective accessibility model.

Effect of a Mid-Series Anchor on Absolute Judgments of Duration by Schizophrenics, Neurologically Impaired, and Normals

1975 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 671-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan A. Locke
Keyword(s):  
Information Transmission ◽  
Interstimulus Interval ◽  
Judgment Task ◽  
Absolute Judgment ◽  
Auditory Stimuli ◽  
Experimental Task ◽  
Neurologically Impaired ◽  
The Absolute

36 normal, 36 schizophrenic, and 36 neurologically impaired Ss were compared for their ability to temporally discriminate brief auditory stimuli. The experimental task was the absolute judgment of 3, 5, or 9 stimuli ranging in duration from 0.10 to 1.90 sec. Half of the Ss in each group were “assisted” by the presentation of a repeated mid-series anchor. The interval between the presentation of the anchor and the variable stimuli was varied. With the addition of a mid-series anchor, normal Ss demonstrated an increase in information transmission and a decrease in response stereotypy; schizophrenics demonstrated a slight decrease in information transmission and a slight increase in response stereotypy; neurologically impaired Ss were essentially unaffected. Changes in interstimulus interval on the anchored judgment task did not influence information transmission.

On the absolute judgment of lifted weights.

1929 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 490-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Gahagan
Keyword(s):  
Absolute Judgment ◽  
The Absolute

The nature of the absolute judgment of pitch.

1934 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. Wedell
Keyword(s):  
Absolute Judgment ◽  
The Absolute

Absolute Judgment of Musical Interval Width

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Aruffo ◽  
Robert L. Goldstone ◽  
David J. D. Earn
Keyword(s):  
Absolute Pitch ◽  
Pitch Perception ◽  
Absolute Judgment ◽  
Musical Interval ◽  
Relative Pitch ◽  
Musical Concepts ◽  
Interval Width ◽  
Musical Tone ◽  
The Absolute

When a musical tone is sounded, most listeners are unable to identify its pitch by name. Those listeners who can identify pitches are said to have absolute pitch perception (AP). A limited subset of musicians possesses AP, and it has been debated whether musicians’ AP interferes with their ability to perceive tonal relationships between pitches, or relative pitch (RP). The present study tested musicians’ discrimination of relative pitch categories, or intervals, by placing absolute pitch values in conflict with relative pitch categories. AP listeners perceived intervals categorically, and their judgments were not affected by absolute pitch values. These results indicate that AP listeners do not infer interval identities from the absolute values between tones, and that RP categories are salient musical concepts in both RP and AP musicianship.

scholarly journals Anchoring without scale distortion

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Štěpán Bahník
Keyword(s):  
Considerable Effect ◽  
Anchoring Effect ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Selective Accessibility Model

The scale distortion theory of anchoring argues that people are influenced by a previously considered value, an anchor, because the anchor distorts the scale on which a subsequent judgment is made. The distortion of the scale is a momentary effect and it cannot persist even after consideration of a different value on the same scale. In the present study, participants were presented with anchors by comparing thirteen random numeric values on the same scale to thirteen different objects. Subsequent numeric estimates of objects’ attributes were influenced by the corresponding anchors even though the anchors were divided from the estimates by twelve questions pertaining to different values on the same scale. The numeric value considered immediately before the estimate did not have a considerable effect on the judgment. While the anchoring effect was robust, it was not caused by scale distortion. Other possible theories of the anchoring effect, such as the selective accessibility model, are compatible with the results.

scholarly journals Practice effects in the absolute judgment of frequency

1972 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 222-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morton A. Heller ◽  
Carl Auerbach
Keyword(s):  
Absolute Judgment ◽  
Practice Effects ◽  
The Absolute
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