Head and Neck Swelling: A Cytopathological Perspective in a Hospital Based Study.

Introduction: Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology is a simple, relatively less painful, cost-effective minimal invasive procedure commonly employed in the evaluation of head and neck swellings. There are limited studies on cytological findings of head and neck swelling in Nepal. Objectives: The objective of this study was to study cytological findings of head and neck swellings. This study further intends to classify the nature of the swelling and use standardized international reporting system wherever required. Methodology: This is a retrospective hospital-based study done in the Department of Pathology at the Helping Hands Community Hospital, Kathmandu between 1 January 2019 and 32 December 2019. Slides of all FNAC from head and neck swelling done during this period was retrieved and evaluated for the study. Chi-Squared (χ2) test was used to investigate the significance of epidemiological and cytological parameters. Results: Males (56%) had more head and neck swelling than females (44%). The younger age group of less than twenty-five (< 25) years had more frequency of head and swelling followed by the older age group of more than fifty (>50) years. The most common site for Fine needle aspiration was lymph nodes (58%) followed by thyroid swelling (23%). Salivary gland swellings were the least frequent (5%). Of all the swelling, 17% of cases were attributed to malignant causes. Infective/Inflammatory causes (55%) were the most common cause of lymph node swellings. Metastatic carcinoma was more prevalent in the older age group of more than fifty (>50) years with a prevalence of 21% of total cases studies. Most of the thyroid swellings were found to be benign (58%) whereas 16% of thyroid swellings belonged to the malignant category. The total numbers of salivary gland swelling were the least with 55% of cases having benign neoplastic etiology. Diagnosis of developmental anomalies like a thyroglossal cyst, lymphangioma, branchial cyst, though relatively less common (10%) were also made with the help of cytologic studies. Conclusion: Fine Needle Aspiration is a useful method to differentiate benign and infective cases of head and neck swelling from neoplastic cases.

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Fine needle aspiration cytology of salivary gland lesions reported immediately in a head and neck clinic

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1017/s0022215100125162 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 107 (11) ◽

pp. 1025-1028 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

N. J. Roland ◽

A. W. Caslin ◽

P. A. Smith ◽

L. S. Turnbull ◽

A. Panarese ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salivary Gland ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Fine Needle Aspiration ◽

Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology ◽

False Negative ◽

Neck Surgery ◽

Needle Aspiration ◽

Aspiration Cytology ◽

Fine Needle ◽

Needle Aspiration Cytology

AbstractThis paper describes the application of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) performed on92 patients with salivary gland lesions in a Head and Neck Surgery Clinic. The aspirates were immediately reported by a cytopathologist and the reports conveyed to the surgeon during the same clinic visit. FNAC results were then compared with histology in those patients who underwent surgery and with the clinical course of the disease at subsequent clinic visits in patients where surgery was not performed. The cytological diagnosis was incorrect in five cases, one of which was a false negative result. There were no false positive results. The sensitivity was 90.9 per cent and the specificity 100 per cent. This rapid report system of fine needle aspiration cytology has been found to be safe, free of complications, and helpful in the planning of treatment.

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Diagnostic adequacy and accuracy of fine needle aspiration cytology in neck lump assessment: results from a regional cancer network over a one year period

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1017/s0022215106004944 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 121 (6) ◽

pp. 571-579 ◽

Cited By ~ 51

Author(s):

D C Howlett ◽

B Harper ◽

M Quante ◽

A Berresford ◽

M Morley ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salivary Gland ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Fine Needle Aspiration ◽

Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology ◽

Needle Aspiration ◽

Aspiration Cytology ◽

Neck Node ◽

Fine Needle ◽

Needle Aspiration Cytology ◽

Cancer Network

Aim: To establish the diagnostic accuracy and adequacy of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) within a regional cancer network, and to determine what service improvements may be required to allow successful implementation of an FNAC-based, ‘one-stop’ head and neck clinic, as proposed by the current National Institute for Clinical Excellence guidelines.Materials and methods: The Sussex cancer network serves a population of 1 200 000 and contains five hospitals within three acute trusts. In 2004, an audit was undertaken retrospectively to examine the diagnostic adequacy and accuracy of head and neck FNAC across the network. Comparisons were then made with the results of subsequent relevant surgery. For the purposes of the audit, FNAC was subdivided into three main groups: salivary gland, thyroid gland and neck node. As part of the data analysis, we also noted the clinical source of the FNAC and whether it was performed blind or under image guidance.Results: In 2004, 712 FNAC procedures were undertaken in 647 patients, 276 of whom underwent subsequent surgery. Fine needle aspiration cytology was non-diagnostic in 52 per cent of patients in the neck node group, in 50 per cent in the salivary gland group and in 30 per cent in the thyroid group. With these non-diagnostic results removed, statistical analysis was performed on data from those patients who had undergone both FNAC and subsequent surgery. This gave a sensitivity of 89 per cent and a specificity of 57 per cent in the neck node group, a sensitivity of 64 per cent and specificity of 100 per cent in the salivary gland group, and a sensitivity of 62 per cent and specificity of 86 per cent in the thyroid group. Diagnostic problems with FNAC were noted, particularly in the differentiation of reactive nodal hyperplasia from lymphoma and in diagnosing follicular thyroid lesions. Ultrasound guidance was used in 50 per cent of the thyroid FNAC procedures but in only a minority of patients in the neck node and salivary gland groups.Conclusion: This audit demonstrated widespread diagnostic difficulties associated with head and neck FNAC in a large patient sample. It is likely that these problems will be mirrored in other cancer networks. In order for one-stop head and neck clinics to succeed, the non-diagnostic rate of FNAC in particular must be minimised. There are strategies to enable this, depending on local resources, including increased access to cytologists or cytology technicians, diagnostic ultrasound, image guidance for FNAC and the use of ultrasound-guided core biopsy.

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Diagnostic Accuracy Of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology in Salivary Gland Neoplasms

International Journal Of Medical Science And Clinical Invention ◽

10.18535/ijmsci/v5i2.08 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 3532-3536

Author(s):

Junu Devi

Keyword(s):

Salivary Gland ◽

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Fine Needle Aspiration ◽

Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Needle Aspiration ◽

Age Group ◽

Aspiration Cytology ◽

Fine Needle ◽

Needle Aspiration Cytology

Introduction- Evaluation of diagnostic accuracy of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in salivary gland neoplasms. Materials and method – this is a crossectional study provides analysis of 82 salivary neoplasms out of 244 salivary FNAC during the period September 2011 to august 2014. All non neoplastic lesions were excluded from the study.All age group and both sex were included. FNAC results were reviewed, the morphology of individual cells and their patterns in the smears were studied in detail and diagnosis were made. Histopathological studies were done whenever possible and were considered the gold standard. Results – The study included 82 cases, male to female ratio was 1.2 :1 ; commonly involved age group was 20 to 40 years. Fiftyfive cases (67.07%) were diagnosed as benign, 27 cases (32.93%) as malignant tumors. Pleomorphic adenoma(59.76%) was most common benign neoplasms and mucoepidermoid carcinoma(23.17%) was most common malignant neoplasms. Parotid was most frequently involved gland(63.41%).Benign tumors common in parotid gland malignant tumors common in submandibular gland.Diagnostic accuracy was found to be 94.87% with false negative rate 5.1%. Conclusion – FNAC of salivary gland proved to be a highly accurate initial diagnostic test for preoperative evaluation of salivary neoplasms.

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Fine needle aspiration

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1258/002221503321892370 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 117 (6) ◽

pp. 493-495 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ketan A. Shah

Keyword(s):

Salivary Gland ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Fine Needle Aspiration ◽

Needle Aspiration ◽

Fine Needle ◽

Branchial Cyst ◽

Neck Masses ◽

Head And Neck Masses

Fine needle aspiration test is a useful tool in the investigation of head and neck masses, be they of salivary gland, lymphoid, thyroid or other (branchial cyst) origin. Some practical aspects of this procedure are presented.

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