scholarly journals Resumptive pronouns in Tuki

1990 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-236
Author(s):  
Edmond Biloa
Keyword(s):  
Weak Crossover ◽  
Resumptive Pronouns ◽  
Parasitic Gaps

This paper argues that in Tuki, gaps construed with WH- or topicalized phrases are null resumptive pronouns rather than WH-traces. Gaps alternate with overt resumptive pronouns. Structures with a gap parallel analogous structures with overt resumptive pronouns with regard to subjacency violations and violations of the Condition on Extraction Domains of Huang [1982], coordination tests, and weak crossover phenomena: gaps and overt pronominals fail to produce weak crossover violations, unlike structures with quantified NP's. Moreover, both the gaps and the overt resumptive pronouns license parasitic gaps, further strengthening the analogy.

Long-distance dependencies

2019 ◽  
pp. 652-725
Author(s):  
Mary Dalrymple ◽  
John J. Lowe ◽  
Louise Mycock
Keyword(s):  
Relative Clauses ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Weak Crossover ◽  
Parasitic Gaps ◽  
Wh Questions ◽  
Syntactic Function ◽  
The One

This chapter explores the analysis of constructions in which a constituent appears in a position other than the one with which its syntactic function is usually associated. Section 17.1 discusses the syntax of long-distance dependencies, including topicalization, left- or right-dislocation constructions, relative clauses, and constituent (“wh”) questions. Section 17.2 discusses constructions in which the displaced phrase is related not to a gap within the clause, but to a resumptive pronoun. Section 17.3 discusses how a long-distance dependency construction may be marked morphologically. Section 17.4 considers evidence for and against traces, with particular attention to the phenomenon of weak crossover. Section 17.5 examines multiple-gap constructions, including “across-the-board” extraction and parasitic gaps. The semantics of constructions involving long-distance dependencies are then considered: relative clauses are discussed in Section 17.6, and constituent (“wh”) questions in Section 17.7.

scholarly journals Linear effects in ATB movement

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Bruening ◽  
Eman M Al Khalaf
Keyword(s):  
Linear Order ◽  
Weak Crossover ◽  
Parasitic Gaps ◽  
Linear Effects ◽  
Reconstruction Effects

Munn (2001), Citko (2005), and others argue that in ATB movement initial and non-initial gaps exhibit asymmetries in reconstruction effects and weak crossover: only the initial ATB gap shows reconstruction and weak crossover. Munn argues that these asymmetries are due to the nature of the gap: the initial ATB gap is a real gap, while non-initial gaps are parasitic gaps. Parasitic gaps are generally claimed to show no reconstruction or weak crossover (e.g., Nissenbaum 2000). We re-examine reconstruction in ATB movement and parasitic gap constructions and show that in most cases the putative asymmetries between gaps are not real, and when there is an asymmetry it is due to linear order and not to the nature of the gap. We conclude that both ATB movement and parasitic gap constructions involve full copies in all gaps.

Two Types of Resumptive Pronouns in Swahili

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Tessa Scott
Keyword(s):  
Resumptive Pronouns ◽  
Parasitic Gaps ◽  
Person Features

In this article, I demonstrate that Swahili distinguishes two types of resumptive pronouns: (a) lower Ā-movement copies and (b) base-generated bound pronouns. These two types of resumptive pronouns are morphologically distinct: the presence of (local) person features reflects a base-generated derivation, and the absence of person features reflects Ā-movement. Crucial evidence comes from local person pro-nominal clefts derived from islands (bound pronoun context) and parasitic gaps (movement copy context). Inspired by Van Urk 2018, I analyze this pattern using Landau’s (2006) theory of chain reduction in which only movement copies create chains and are then subject to an algorithm that deletes person features.

scholarly journals Understanding Syntactic and Semantic Errors in the Composition Writing of Jordanian EFL Learners

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
Yazan Shaker Almahameed ◽  
May Al-Shaikhli
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
Semantic Knowledge ◽  
Resumptive Pronouns ◽  
Foreign Language Learners ◽  
Word Level ◽  
Sentence Level ◽  
Native Speakers Of English ◽  
Semantic Errors ◽  
Verb Tense

The current study aimed at investigating the salient syntactic and semantic errors made by Jordanian English foreign language learners as writing in English. Writing poses a great challenge for both native and non-native speakers of English, since writing involves employing most language sub-systems such as grammar, vocabulary, spelling and punctuation. A total of 30 Jordanian English foreign language learners participated in the study. The participants were instructed to write a composition of no more than one hundred and fifty words on a selected topic. Essays were collected and analyzed statistically to obtain the needed results. The results of the study displayed that syntactic errors produced by the participants were varied, in that eleven types of syntactic errors were committed as follows; verb-tense, agreement, auxiliary, conjunctions, word order, resumptive pronouns, null-subject, double-subject, superlative, comparative and possessive pronouns. Amongst syntactic errors, verb tense errors were the most frequent with 33%. The results additionally revealed that two types of semantic errors were made; errors at sentence level and errors at word level. Errors at word level outstripped by far errors at sentence level, scoring respectively 82% and 18%. It can be concluded that the syntactic and semantic knowledge of Jordanian learners of English is still insufficient.

The Pronoun Which Comprehenders Who Process It in Islands Derive a Benefit

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Christopher Hammerly
Keyword(s):  
Ongoing Debate ◽  
Active Filler ◽  
Resumptive Pronouns ◽  
Online Processing ◽  
Memory Resources

There is ongoing debate about the role that resumptive pronouns play in the processing of islands in intrusive resumption languages such as English. This squib provides evidence that resumptive pronouns facilitate the comprehension of islands in online processing. The results fall in line with filler-gap processing more generally: when fillers are difficult or impossible to keep active, resumption provides support for forming a dependency. This occurs when dependencies span multiple clauses, when memory resources are otherwise taxed, or, as the present paper shows, when grammatical constraints such as islands prohibit the use of the active filler strategy.

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