Earthquake Early Warning (EEW) System: System Architecture, Data Modelling, and User Interface Design

2021 ◽  
pp. 650-657
Author(s):  
Handrie Noprisson
Keyword(s):  
User Interface ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
System Architecture ◽  
Interface Design ◽  
User Interface Design ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Earthquake Early Warning ◽  
Warning Systems ◽  
Data Modelling ◽  
Earthquake Early Warning Systems

Earthquake Early Warning Systems (EEWSs) development is essential to provide service to stakeholders and the public. The service is the information access regarding the information on the earthquake source area and its impact on the surrounding environment. This study aims to conduct a systematic literature review of peer-published studies focusing on the development of earthquake Early Warning Systems (EEWSs). The method of systematic review is well-established in research by Kitchenham et al. (2005). It is used to analyze the literature and answer defined research questions systematically. We found 16 papers related to system architecture, data modelling and user interface design of Earthquake Early Warning Systems (EEWSs) published in 2009-2020. Research that discusses data modelling is 6%, the user interface design is 38%, and system architecture is 56%. Overall, our findings show that the system architecture, data modelling and user interface of the development of Earthquake Early Warning Systems (EEWSs) in several countries have significant similarities. It can be modelled as a framework for the development of Earthquake Early Warning Systems (EEWSs).

Off-Network Earthquake Location by Earthquake Early Warning Systems: Methodology and Validation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Netanel ◽  
Andreas Samuel Eisermann ◽  
Alon Ziv
Keyword(s):  
Early Warning ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
S Phase ◽  
Earthquake Early Warning ◽  
Warning Systems ◽  
S Wave ◽  
Earthquake Early Warning Systems ◽  
Back Azimuth ◽  
Magnitude Determination ◽  
Epicenter Location

ABSTRACT Regional source-based earthquake early warning systems perform three consecutive tasks: (1) detection and epicenter location, (2) magnitude determination, and (3) ground-motion prediction. The correctness of the magnitude determination is contingent on that of the epicenter location, and the credibility of the ground-motion prediction depends on those of the epicenter location and the magnitude determination. Thus, robust epicenter location scheme is key for regional earthquake early warning systems. Available source-based systems yield acceptably accurate locations when the earthquakes occur inside the real-time seismic network, but they return erroneous results otherwise. In this study, a real-time algorithm that is intended as a supplement to an existing regional earthquake early warning systems is introduced with the sole objective of ameliorating its off-network location capacity. The new algorithm combines measurements from three or more network stations that are analyzed jointly using an array methodology to give the P-wave slowness vector and S-phase arrival time. Prior to the S-phase picking, the nonarrival of the S phase is used for determining a minimum epicentral distance. This estimate is updated repeatedly with elapsed time until the S phase is picked. Thus, the system timeliness is not compromised by waiting for the S-phase arrival. After the S wave is picked, an epicentral location can be determined using a single array by intersecting the back-azimuth beam with the S-minus-P annulus. When several arrays are assembled, the back azimuth and P and S picks from all arrays are combined to constrain the epicenter. The performance of the array processing for back azimuth and S-wave picking is assessed using a large number of accelerograms, recorded by nine strong motion sensors of the KiK-net seismic network in Japan. The nine stations are treated as three distinct seismic arrays, comprising three stations each. Good agreement is found between array-based and catalog-reported parameters. Finally, the advantage of the new array methodology with respect to alternative schemes for back azimuth and distance is demonstrated.

Performance of Earthquake Early Warning Systems during the 2016–2017 Mw 5–6.5 Central Italy Sequence

2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaetano Festa ◽  
Matteo Picozzi ◽  
Alessandro Caruso ◽  
Simona Colombelli ◽  
Marco Cattaneo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Warning ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Earthquake Early Warning ◽  
Warning Systems ◽  
Earthquake Early Warning Systems
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