Basal Cell Adenoma: About Four Cases

Benign tumor of the salivary glands, composed of basaloid cells of architecture most often ductal and tubular or in nests (OMS 2017). We report the case of 4 patients carrying basal cell adenoma diagnosed at the department of pathological anatomy CHU MOHAMMED VI MARRAKECH. These are three women and one man. The average age was 49 years old. The clinical examination found a unilateral parotid mass gradually increasing in size. All the patients benefited from an ultrasound which was in favor of a homogeneous hypoechoic lobulated formation with posterior reinforcement evoking a pleomorphic adenoma. The patients benefited from a total parotidectomy. Macroscopic examination found a thick-walled, hemorrhagic-cystic formation in one patient. Microscopic examination showed a benign encapsulated tumor proliferation of compact architecture, in situ clusters and in channels with eosinophilic contents. . The epithelial cells have a basaloid appearance bordered at the periphery by a palisade cell base. They are of small to medium size, provided with ovoid cores with fine chromatin. The cytoplasm is abundant basophilic. The myoepithelial cells are sometimes cuboid, sometimes fusiform. The nuclei are discreetly elongated hyperchromic. The cytoplasm is scarce eosinophilic.The basal cell adenoma is a rare salivary tumor representing less than 3.7%. It occurs mainly in the elderly with a range of 57 to 70 years. Clinically, it is in most cases a mobile solitary mass of firm consistency. The tumor has a monomorphic appearance due to the predominance of basaloid cells. The differential diagnosis is primarily with basal cell adenocarcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma.