The aim of the study was to study the formation of urination in young children, taking into account perinatal factors. Material and methods. the pattern of urination was studied in 42 patients at the stages of antenatal observation, after birth during the first year of life and at the age of three. Clinical evaluation of urination was performed in young children using a developed qualimetric table that takes into account the volume of the bladder and frequency of urination, the nature of urination, the presence of urge to urinate and behavioral reactions. At the age of three, a qualimetric table was used to evaluate E. L. Vishnevsky’s urination (2001). The observation group consisted of 42 patients whose urination pattern was studied at the stages of antenatal observation, during the first year of life and at the age of three. The features of the course of the antenatal and postnatal period of children’s development were taken into account: pregnancy complications, fetal pathological conditions, features of the morpho-functional state of infants, and neurological comorbidities. Results. According to the results of clinical evaluation of urination in children at 3 years of age, 3 groups of children were identified: with “Mature”,”delayed formation of “Mature” type of urination”, as well as “dysfunctional type of urination”. Conclusions. the manifestations of “maturity of urination” in infants at the age of 1 year are the compliance of hydrodynamic indicators with age standards, the formation of continuous urination, signs of controlling behavior: behavioral reaction to the urge, the absence of” missing urine “during the day, during daytime and nighttime sleep, “urination on request”. The “delay in the formation of mature urination type”, the formation of “dysfunctional urination type “ revealed the determining influence of the pathological course of the antenatal period of child development, the implementation of signs of pathological fetal urination, the presence of neurological symptoms and signs of morpho-functional immaturity of the postnatal period. “Dysfunctional urination” was manifested by: a decrease in the capacity of the bladder and the discrepancy between the hydrodynamic characteristics of the age parameters; monotony of the volume characteristics of the bladder during the day; imperative contractions of the bladder, that is, the presence of “wet gaps” between urination; urination during sleep; as well as a delay or lack of urge to urinate, behavioral responses and neatness skills.
Plasmapheresis-induced Clinical Improvement in a Patient with Steroid-Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome Due to Podocin (NPHS2) Gene Station
