scholarly journals What Has Bariatric Surgery Taught Us About the Role of the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract in the Regulation of Postprandial Glucose Metabolism?

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Ma ◽  
Adrian Vella
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 01-03
Author(s):  
Vladimirov M

Obesity is associated with an increased risk of cancer development in the upper gastrointestinal tract. One own case of a female patient with gastric carcinoma after sleeve gastrectomy was the reason to review the literature about the frequency and the genesis of gastric carcinoma after bariatric surgery. Additional to our case 3 further patients with gastric carcinoma after sleeve gastrectomy and 33 patients with carcinomas of the upper gastrointestinal tract after other bariatric operations are reported in the literature. Due to a lack of registry studies the incidence of gastric cancer after bariatric surgery cannot be calculated. Early diagnostics should be performed in symptomatic patients and in patients with unspecific symptoms after bariatric surgery to avoid a delay of the diagnosis of potential carcinomas of the upper gastrointestinal tract.


Author(s):  
Corinne Owers ◽  
Roger Ackroyd

The upper gastrointestinal (UGI) tract comprises of the oesophagus, stomach, and duodenum. Although some emergency management of UGI pathology may fall to the remit of the gastroenterologists, this chapter focuses specifically on surgical management of both benign and malignant pathology of these organs. UGI pathology contributes a significant amount to the on-call emergency workload for the general surgeon, as well as the UGI specialist. Subjects covered include the diagnosis and management of common pathologies in the upper gastrointestinal tract that are clinically relevant to those working in general surgery, including: gastro-oesophageal reflux (GORD) and ulcer disease, UGI bleeding, oesophagogastric cancer and bariatric surgery.


2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (1114) ◽  
pp. 20200528
Author(s):  
Ayushi Agarwal ◽  
Deep Narayan Srivastava ◽  
Kumble Seetharama Madhusudhan

Corrosive injury is a devastating injury which carries significant morbidity. The upper gastrointestinal tract is predominantly affected with severity ranging from mild inflammation to full thickness necrosis which may result in perforation and death. Among the complications, stricture formation is most common, causing dysphagia and malnutrition. Endoscopy has a pivotal role in the diagnosis and management, with a few shortcomings. Imaging has an important role to play. Besides radiography, there is an increasing role of CT scan in the emergency setting with good accuracy in identifying patients who are likely to benefit from surgery. Further, CT scan has a role in the diagnosis of complications. Oral contrast studies help in assessing the severity and extent of stricture formation and associated fistulous complications in the subacute and chronic phase. The scope of intervention radiology for this condition is increasing. Fluoroscopy-guided balloon dilatation, drainage of collections or mucoceles, endovascular embolization of point bleeders, placement of feeding jejunostomy and image-guided biopsy are among the procedures that are being performed. Through this review we aim to stress the role the radiologist plays in the diagnosis and follow-up of these patients and in performing radiological interventions. Besides this, we have also highlighted few salient points to help understand the pathophysiology and management of such injuries which is paramount to ensure a good long-term outcome.


2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 422-427
Author(s):  
Dmitrii N. Andreev ◽  
◽  
Elena V. Ul'iankina ◽  

In 2021, the first Multidisciplinary national consensus was published in Russia. The document provides a comprehensive analysis of pathophysiological, clinical and pharmacotherapeutic aspects of the increased epithelial permeability syndrome (IEPS) as one of the main mechanisms of human diseases. A separate chapter of the consensus devoted to the role of IEPS in organic diseases of the upper gastrointestinal tract demonstrates the importance of this pathophysiological mechanism in the genesis of this group of diseases. This review aims to systematize the literature data on the role of IEPS in organic diseases of the upper gastrointestinal tract, including gastroesophageal reflux disease, chronic gastritis and gastric ulcer.


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