scholarly journals Word Categorization of Vowel Durational Changes in Speech-Modulated Bone-Conducted Ultrasound

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-365
Author(s):  
Tadao Okayasu ◽  
Tadashi Nishimura ◽  
Akinori Yamashita ◽  
Yoshiki Nagatani ◽  
Takashi Inoue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Conduction ◽  
Difference Limen ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Vowel Duration ◽  
Behavioral Task ◽  
Behavioral Test ◽  
Word Categorization ◽  
Audible Sound ◽  
Boundary Width ◽  
Speech Information

Ultrasound can deliver speech information when it is amplitude-modulated with speech and presented via bone conduction. This speech-modulated bone-conducted ultrasound (SM-BCU) can also transmit prosodic information. However, there is insufficient research on the recognition of vowel duration in SM-BCU. The aim of this study was to investigate the categorization of vowel durational changes in SM-BCU using a behavioral test. Eight Japanese-speaking participants with normal hearing participated in a forced-choice behavioral task to discriminate between “hato” (pigeon) and “haato” (heart). Speech signal stimuli were presented in seven duration grades from 220 ms to 340 ms. The threshold at which 50% of responses were “haato” was calculated and compared for air-conducted audible sound (ACAS) and SM-BCU. The boundary width was also evaluated. Although the SM-BCU threshold (mean: 274.6 ms) was significantly longer than the ACAS threshold (mean: 269.6 ms), there were no differences in boundary width. These results suggest that SM-BCU can deliver prosodic information about vowel duration with a similar difference limen to that of ACAS in normal hearing.

Multiple Auditory Steady-State Responses to Bone-Conduction Stimuli in Adults with Normal Hearing

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (03) ◽  
pp. 172-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan A. Small ◽  
David R. Stapells
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Bone Conduction ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Phase Delay ◽  
Research System ◽  
Steady State Responses ◽  
Auditory Steady State Responses ◽  
State Responses ◽  
Single Versus ◽  
Air Conduction

ASSR thresholds to bone-conduction stimuli were determined in 10 adults with normal hearing using mastoid placement of the bone oscillator. ASSRs to 0–50 dB HL bone-conduction stimuli and to 30–60 dB HL air-conduction stimuli were compared. The effect of alternating stimulus polarity on air- and bone-conduction ASSRs was also investigated. Stimuli were bone- and air-conduction amplitude-modulated tones (500–4000 Hz carrier frequencies, modulated at 77–101 Hz). ASSRs were recorded using the Rotman MASTER research system. Mean (1SD) bone-conduction ASSR thresholds were 22(11), 26(13), 18(8), and 18(11) dB HL for 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz, respectively. Except for a steeper slope at 500 Hz, ASSR intensity-amplitude functions for binaural bone- and air-conduction stimuli showed the same slopes; intensity-phase-delay functions were steeper at 1000 Hz for ASSRs to bone-conduction stimuli. ASSR amplitudes and phases did not differ for single- versus alternated-stimulus polarities for both bone- and air-conduction stimuli. The steeper amplitude slope for ASSRs to 500 Hz stimuli may reflect a nonauditory contribution to the ASSR.

LIII Normal Hearing by Bone Conduction as Measured with an Audiometer

1936 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 754-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmund P. Fowler ◽  
Edmund P. Fowler
Keyword(s):  
Bone Conduction ◽  
Normal Hearing

Normal Hearing by Bone Conduction

1939 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abraham Greenbaum ◽  
Phyllis Margaret Tookey Kerridge ◽  
Eric John Ross
Keyword(s):  
Bone Conduction ◽  
Normal Hearing

Bone Conduction Thresholds for Normal Listeners in Force and Acceleration Units

1976 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald D. Dirks ◽  
Candace Kamm ◽  
Samuel Gilman
Keyword(s):  
Bone Conduction ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Previous Article

In a previous article we reported on the standardization of normal hearing for bone conduction. All of our findings were reported in force units. Because many international users of this information express such findings in units of acceleration, we have, at the Editor’s request, converted our force units into acceleration units to increase the scope of our results and to enhance their comparison with other investigations. This note presents data which may be useful to organizations concerned with the development of standards for normal hearing by bone conduction.

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