scholarly journals Cutting Staff Radiation Exposure and Improving Freedom of Motion during CT Interventions: Comparison of a Novel Workflow Utilizing a Radiation Protection Cabin versus Two Conventional Workflows

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1099
Author(s):  
Peter Dankerl ◽  
Matthias Stefan May ◽  
Christian Canstein ◽  
Michael Uder ◽  
Marc Saake
Keyword(s):  
Remote Control ◽  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Control Room ◽  
Lead Apron ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tube Output ◽  
Examination Room ◽  
Personal Dosimeter

This study aimed to evaluate the radiation exposure to the radiologist and the procedure time of prospectively matched CT interventions implementing three different workflows—the radiologist—(I) leaving the CT room during scanning; (II) wearing a lead apron and staying in the CT room; (III) staying in the CT room in a prototype radiation protection cabin without lead apron while utilizing a wireless remote control and a tablet. We prospectively evaluated the radiologist’s radiation exposure utilizing an electronic personal dosimeter, the intervention time, and success in CT interventions matched to the three different workflows. We compared the interventional success, the patient’s dose of the interventional scans in each workflow (total mAs and total DLP), the radiologist’s personal dose (in µSV), and interventional time. To perform workflow III, a prototype of a radiation protection cabin, with 3 mm lead equivalent walls and a foot switch to operate the doors, was built in the CT examination room. Radiation exposure during the maximum tube output at 120 kV was measured by the local admission officials inside the cabin at the same level as in the technician’s control room (below 0.5 μSv/h and 1 mSv/y). Further, to utilize the full potential of this novel workflow, a sterile packed remote control (to move the CT table and to trigger the radiation) and a sterile packed tablet anchored on the CT table (to plan and navigate during the CT intervention) were operated by the radiologist. There were 18 interventions performed in workflow I, 16 in workflow II, and 27 in workflow III. There were no significant differences in the intervention time (workflow I: 23 min ± 12, workflow II: 20 min ± 8, and workflow III: 21 min ± 10, p = 0.71) and the patient’s dose (total DLP, p = 0.14). However, the personal dosimeter registered 0.17 ± 0.22 µSv for workflow II, while I and III both documented 0 µSv, displaying significant difference (p < 0.001). All workflows were performed completely and successfully in all cases. The new workflow has the potential to reduce interventional CT radiologists’ radiation dose to zero while relieving them from working in a lead apron all day.

A prospective case control comparison of the ZeroGravity system versus a standard lead apron as radiation protection strategy in neuroendovascular procedures

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1052-1055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diogo C Haussen ◽  
Imramsjah Martijn John Van Der Bom ◽  
Raul G Nogueira
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Protection System ◽  
Skin Dose ◽  
Lead Apron ◽  
Dose Area Product ◽  
Primary Operator ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Area Product ◽  
Peak Skin Dose

Background and purposeWe aimed to compare the performance of the ZeroGravity (ZG) system (radiation protection system composed by a suspended lead suit) against the use of standard protection (lead apron (LA), thyroid shield, lead eyeglasses, table skirts, and ceiling suspended shield) in neuroangiography procedures.Materials and methodsRadiation exposure data were prospectively collected in consecutive neuroendovascular procedures between December 2014 and February 2015. Operator No 1 was assigned to the use of an LA (plus lead glasses, thyroid shield, and a 1 mm hanging shield at the groin) while operator No 2 utilized the ZG system. Dosimeters were used to measure peak skin dose for the head, thyroid, and left foot.ResultsThe two operators performed a total of 122 procedures during the study period. The ZG operator was more commonly the primary operator compared with the LA operator (85% vs 71%; p=0.04). The mean anterior-posterior (AP), lateral, and cumulative dose area product (DAP) radiation exposure as well as the mean fluoroscopy time were not statistically different between the operators’ cases. The peak skin dose to the head of the operator with LA was 2.1 times higher (3380 vs 1600 μSv), while the thyroid was 13.9 (4460 vs 320 μSv), the mediastinum infinitely (520 vs 0 μSv), and the foot 3.3 times higher (4870 vs 1470 μSv) compared with the ZG operator, leading to an overall accumulated dose 4 times higher. The ratio of cumulative operator received dose/total cumulative DAP was 2.5 higher on the LA operator.ConclusionsThe ZG radiation protection system leads to substantially lower radiation exposure to the operator in neurointerventional procedures. However, substantial exposure may still occur at the level of the lens and thyroid to justify additional protection.

Comparison of a Suspended Radiation Protection System versus Standard Lead Apron for Radiation Exposure of a Simulated Interventionalist

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel A. Marichal ◽  
Temoor Anwar ◽  
David Kirsch ◽  
Jessica Clements ◽  
Luke Carlson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Protection System ◽  
Lead Apron ◽  
System Versus ◽  
Standard Lead

Fetal radiation exposure risk in the pregnant neurointerventionalist

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1014-1017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie H Chen ◽  
Marie-Christine Brunet
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Radiation Safety ◽  
Women Physicians ◽  
Fluoroscopy Time ◽  
Exposure Risk ◽  
Safety Practices ◽  
Lead Apron ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fetal Dose ◽  
Exposure Measurements

BackgroundThe prevalence of women physicians is steadily rising, but the field of neurointervention remains one of the most male-dominated subspecialties in medicine. A fear of radiation exposure, particularly during pregnancy and childbearing years, may be responsible for deterring some of the best and brightest. This is the first study to examine the amount of maternal and fetal radiation exposure during a pregnant neurointerventional fellow’s training.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the radiation exposure of a neurointerventional fellow prior to and during pregnancy from February 2018 to May 2019 in 758 neurointerventional cases. The collar dosimeter was used to measure overall maternal exposure and an additional fetal dosimeter was worn under two lead apron skirts to estimate fetal radiation exposure.ResultsThere was not a significant difference between pre- and post-pregnancy overall maternal radiation exposure as measured by the collar dosimeter (151 mrem pre-pregnancy and 105 mrem during pregnancy, p=0.129). Mean fluoroscopy time and fluoroscopy emission per procedure also did not differ prior to and during pregnancy. Fetal radiation exposure measurements from both the Mirion Genesis Ultra TLD dosimeter as well as the Mirion Instadose dosimeters worn under double lead apron skirts were 0 mrem for all 6 months.ConclusionThese findings suggest that, when optimal radiation safety practices are implemented, the fetal dose of a pregnant neurointerventionalist is negligible. Further studies and education are necessary to encourage women to choose neurointervention and allow practicing women neurointerventionalists to maintain their productivity during their reproductive years.

Radioiodine treatment of feline hyperthyroidism in Germany

2002 ◽  
Vol 41 (06) ◽  
pp. 245-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Knietsch ◽  
T. Spillmann ◽  
E.-G. Grünbaum ◽  
R. Bauer ◽  
M. Puille
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Radioiodine Therapy ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Radioiodine Treatment ◽  
Normal Thyroid ◽  
Normal Thyroid Function ◽  
Body Activity ◽  
Thyroid Uptake

SummaryAim: Establishment of radioiodine treatment of feline hyperthyroidism in veterinary routine in accordance with German radiation protection regulations. Patients and methods: 35 cats with proven hyperthyroidism were treated with 131I in a special ward. Thyroid uptake and effective halflife were determined using gammacamera dosimetry. Patients were released when measured whole body activity was below the limit defined in the German “Strahlenschutzverordnung”. Results: 17/20 cats treated with 150 MBq radioiodine and 15/15 cats treated with 250 MBq had normal thyroid function after therapy, normal values for FT3 and FT4 were reached after two and normal TSH levels after three weeks. In 14 cats normal thyroid function was confirmed by controls 3-6 months later. Thyroidal iodine uptake was 24 ± 10%, effective halflife 2.5 ± 0.7 days. Whole body activity <1 MBq was reached 13 ± 4 days after application of 131I. Radiation exposure of cat owners was estimated as 1.97 Sv/MBq for adults. Conclusion: Radioiodine therapy of feline hyper-thyroidism is highly effective and safe. It can easily be performed in accordance with German radiation protection regulations, although this requires hospitalisation for approximately two weeks. Practical considerations on radiation exposure of cat owners do not justify this long interval. Regulations for the veterinary use of radioactive substances similar to existing regulations for medical use in humans are higly desirable.

A microfluidic device with integrated impedance detection for λ-DNA

2003 ◽  
Vol 773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myung-Il Park ◽  
Jonging Hong ◽  
Dae Sung Yoon ◽  
Chong-Ook Park ◽  
Geunbae Im
Keyword(s):  
Microfluidic Device ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Buffer Solution ◽  
Detection Systems ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Detection Of Biomolecules ◽  
Impedance Magnitude

AbstractThe large optical detection systems that are typically utilized at present may not be able to reach their full potential as portable analysis tools. Accurate, early, and fast diagnosis for many diseases requires the direct detection of biomolecules such as DNA, proteins, and cells. In this research, a glass microchip with integrated microelectrodes has been fabricated, and the performance of electrochemical impedance detection was investigated for the biomolecules. We have used label-free λ-DNA as a sample biomolecule. By changing the distance between microelectrodes, the significant difference between DW and the TE buffer solution is obtained from the impedance-frequency measurements. In addition, the comparison for the impedance magnitude of DW, the TE buffer, and λ-DNA at the same distance was analyzed.

Strahlengefahrdung und Strahlenschutz / Radiation Exposure and Radiation Protection

1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bamberg ◽  
D. van Beuningen ◽  
W. Gössner ◽  
Friedrich Heuck ◽  
H. Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Radiation Protection

Radiation exposure of the staff at the therapeutic and diagnostic nuclear medicine department

2008 ◽  
Vol 47 (04) ◽  
pp. 175-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Dolezal
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Effective Dose ◽  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
Personal Dosimetry ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Administered Activity

SummaryAim: To assess a radiation exposure and the quality of radiation protection concerning a nuclear medicine staff at our department as a six-year retrospective study. Therapeutic radionuclides such as 131I, 153Sm, 186Re, 32P, 90Y and diagnostic ones as a 99mTc, 201Tl, 67Ga, 111In were used. Material, method: The effective dose was evaluated in the period of 2001–2006 for nuclear medicine physicians (n = 5), technologists (n = 9) and radiopharmacists (n = 2). A personnel film dosimeter and thermoluminescent ring dosimeter for measuring (1-month periods) the personal dose equivalent Hp(10) and Hp(0,07) were used by nuclear medicine workers. The wearing of dosimeters was obligatory within the framework of a nationwide service for personal dosimetry. The total administered activity of all radionuclides during these six years at our department was 17,779 GBq (99mTc 14 708 GBq, 131I 2490 GBq, others 581 GBq). The administered activity of 99mTc was similar, but the administered activity of 131I in 2006 increased by 200%, as compared with the year 2001. Results: The mean and one standard deviation (SD) of the personal annual effective dose (mSv) for nuclear medicine physicians was 1.9 ± 0.6, 1.8 ± 0.8, 1.2 ± 0.8, 1.4 ± 0.8, 1.3 ± 0.6, 0.8 ± 0.4 and for nuclear medicine technologists was 1.9 ± 0.8, 1.7 ± 1.4, 1.0 ± 1.0, 1.1 ± 1.2, 0.9 ± 0.4 and 0.7 ± 0.2 in 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005 and 2006, respectively. The mean (n = 2, estimate of SD makes little sense) of the personal annual effective dose (mSv) for radiopharmacists was 3.2, 1.8, 0.6, 1.3, 0.6 and 0.3. Although the administered activity of 131I increased, the mean personal effective dose per year decreased during the six years. Conclusion: In all three professional groups of nuclear medicine workers a decreasing radiation exposure was found, although the administered activity of 131I increased during this six-year period. Our observations suggest successful radiation protection measures at our department.

RADIATION EXPOSURE TO THE BACK WITH DIFFERENT TYPES OF APRONS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Wan Hong ◽  
Tae Won Kim ◽  
Jae Hun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Effective Dose ◽  
Exposure Time ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lead Apron ◽  
Type Group ◽  
Air Kerma ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Physicians and nurses stand with their back towards the C-arm fluoroscope when using the computer, taking things out of closets and preparing drugs for injection or instruments for intervention. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between the type of lead apron and radiation exposure to the backs of physicians and nurses while using C-arm fluoroscopy. We compared radiation exposure to the back in the three groups: no lead apron (group C), front coverage type (group F) and wrap-around type (group W). The other wrap-around type apron was put on the bed instead of on a patient. We ran C-arm fluoroscopy 40 times for each measurement. We collected the air kerma (AK), exposure time (ET) and effective dose (ED) of the bedside table, upper part and lower part of apron. We measured these variables 30 times for each location. In group F, ED of the upper part was the highest (p &lt; 0.001). ED of the lower part in group C and F was higher than that in group W (p = 0.012). The radiation exposure with a front coverage type apron is higher than that of the wrap-around type and even no apron at the neck or thyroid. For reducing radiation exposure to the back of physician or nurse, the wrap-around type apron is recommended. This type of apron can reduce radiation to the back when the physician turns away from the patient or C-arm fluoroscopy.

scholarly journals The effect of methylphenidate-OROS® on the narrative ability of children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tessa L. Rausch ◽  
Diane L. Kendall ◽  
Sara T. Kover ◽  
Elizabeth M. Louw ◽  
Ursula L. Zsilavecz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Stimulant Medication ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Cascading Effects ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Narrative Ability

Background and objective: Children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) experience difficulty with expressive language, including form (e.g. grammatical construction) and content (e.g. coherence). The current study aimed to investigate the effect of methylphenidate-Osmotic Release Oral System® (MPH-OROS®) on the narrative ability of children with ADHD and language impairment, through the analysis of microstructure and macrostructure narrative elements.Method: In a single group off–on medication test design, narratives were obtained from 12 children with ADHD, aged 7–13 years, using wordless picture books. For microstructure, number of words, type–token ratio and mean length of utterance were derived from narrative samples using Systematic Analysis of Language Transcripts conventions. For macrostructure, the narratives were coded according to the Narrative Scoring Scheme, which includes seven narrative characteristics, as well as a composite score reflecting the child’s overall narrative ability.Results: The administration of MPH-OROS® resulted in a significant difference in certain aspects of language macrostructure: cohesion and overall narrative ability. Little effect was noted in microstructure elements.Conclusion: We observed a positive effect of stimulant medication on the macrostructure, but not on the microstructure, of narrative production. Although stimulant medication improves attention and concentration, it does not improve all aspects of language abilities in children with ADHD. Language difficulties associated with ADHD related to language content and use may be more responsive to stimulant medication than language form, which is likely to be affected by cascading effects of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity beginning very early in life and to progress over a more protracted period. Therefore, a combination of treatments is advocated to ensure that children with ADHD are successful in reaching their full potential.

scholarly journals A remote control room at DIII-D

2008 ◽  
Vol 83 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 480-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Abla ◽  
D.P. Schissel ◽  
B.G. Penaflor ◽  
G. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Remote Control ◽  
Control Room
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