scholarly journals Short-Term Effects of Balance Training with Stroboscopic Vision for Patients with Chronic Ankle Instability: A Single-Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5364
Author(s):  
Kyung-Min Kim ◽  
María D. Estudillo-Martínez ◽  
Yolanda Castellote-Caballero ◽  
Alejandro Estepa-Gallego ◽  
David Cruz-Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Ankle Instability ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Balance Training ◽  
Chronic Ankle Instability ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Training Groups ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Star Excursion Balance Test

Chronic Ankle Instability (CAI) is one of the most common musculoskeletal dysfunctions. Stroboscopic vision (SV) training has been deemed to enhance somatosensorial pathways in this population group; nevertheless, until recently no studies have addressed the additional effects of this treatment option to the traditional therapeutic approach. Methods: To evaluate the effectiveness of a partial visual deprivation training protocol in patients with CAI, a randomized controlled trial was carried out. Patients with CAI (n = 73) were randomized into either a balance training, SV training, or a control (no training) group. For participants assigned into training groups, they received 18 training sessions over 6 weeks. The primary outcome was dynamic balance as measured by the Star Excursion Balance Test assessed at baseline and after 6 weeks of intervention. Secondary outcome measures included ankle dorsiflexion range of motion, self-reported instability feeling, and ankle functional status. Results: Better scores in stroboscopic training and balance training groups in all outcome measures were observed in comparison with the control group with moderate to large effect sizes. Stroboscopic training was more effective than neuromuscular training in self-reported instability feeling (cohen’s d = 0.71; p = 0.042) and anterior reach distance of the star excursion balance test (cohen’s d = 1.23; p = 0.001). Conclusions: Preliminary findings from the effects of SV Stroboscopic training in patients with CAI, suggest that SV may be beneficial in CAI rehabilitation.

scholarly journals The Effects of Therapeutic Exercise With and Without Mobilization in Participants With Chronic Ankle Instability: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Cameron Bolton ◽  
Sheri Hale ◽  
Todd Telemeco
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Ankle Instability ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Chronic Ankle Instability ◽  
Therapeutic Exercise ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Hop Test

Context: Manual therapy (MT) is reported to increase range of motion (ROM), improve balance, and decrease pain in individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI). Additional literature is needed to examine the effectiveness of the addition of MT to a therapeutic exercise regimen in individuals with CAI. Objective: To examine the combined effects of thrust joint manipulation (TJM) and exercise on function in participants reporting CAI. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Setting: Research laboratory. Participants: A convenience sample of 30 participants (mean age 23.7 [3.65] y; mean height 169.50 [9.50] cm; mean mass 66.48 [10.64] kg). Intervention: Participants were randomly allocated to the exercise (n = 15) or exercise + TJM group (n = 20) and completed an exercise program. The exercise + TJM group also received MT at the talocrural, proximal, and distal tibiofibular joints in the first 3 sessions. Main Outcome Measures: Self-reported outcomes were recorded at baseline and follow-up using the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM), the FAAM-Sport (FAAM-S) subscale, and the Ankle Joint Functional Assessment Tool (AJFAT). The side-hop test, figure-of-8 hop test, 3 directions of the Star Excursion Balance Test, and dorsiflexion ROM were also assessed at baseline and follow-up. Results: Only the exercise + TJM group demonstrated an improvement in weight-bearing dorsiflexion with the knee flexed following treatment (P = .02). For all outcome measures, except ROM, subjects improved significantly at follow-up regardless of group assignment (P ≤ .01). Conclusions: Our data suggest that rehabilitation of patients with CAI is related to improved ROM, function, and self-reported outcomes. This provides evidence that the addition of MT to exercise may enhance improvements in ROM as compared with exercise alone. Additional research is needed to identify optimal parameters to maximize therapeutic benefit.

scholarly journals A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Rehabilitation Efficacy in Chronic Ankle Instability

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 238-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia J. Wright ◽  
Shelley W. Linens ◽  
Mary S. Cain
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Ankle Instability ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Chronic Ankle Instability ◽  
Global Rating ◽  
Comparative Efficacy ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Sf 36

Context:There is minimal patient-oriented evidence regarding the effectiveness of interventions targeted to reduce symptoms associated with chronic ankle instability (CAI). In addition, clinicians aiming to prioritize care by implementing only the most effective components of a rehabilitative program have very little evidence on comparative efficacy.Objective:To assess the comparative efficacy of 2 common ankle rehabilitation techniques (wobble-board [WB] balance training and ankle strengthening using resistance tubing [RT]) using patient-oriented outcomes.Design:Randomized controlled trial.Setting:Laboratory.Patients:40 patients with CAI randomized into 2 treatment groups: RT and WB. CAI inclusion criteria included a history of an ankle sprain, recurrent “giving way,” and a Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT) score ≤25.Interventions:Participants completed 5 clinician-oriented tests (foot-lift test, time-in-balance, Star Excursion Balance Test, figure-of-8 hop, and side-hop) and 5 patient-oriented questionnaires (CAIT, Foot and Ankle Ability Measure [FAAM], Activities of Daily Living [ADL] and FAAM Sport scale, Short-Form 36 [SF-36], and Global Rating of Function [GRF]). After baseline testing, participants completed 12 sessions over 4 wk of graduated WB or RT exercise, then repeated baseline tests.Main Outcome Measures:For each patient- and clinician-oriented test, separate 2 × 2 RMANOVAs analyzed differences between groups over time (alpha set at P = .05).Results:There was a significant interaction between group and time for the FAAM-ADL (P = .04). Specifically, the WB group improved postintervention (P < .001) whereas the RT group remained the same (P = .29). There were no other significant interactions or significant differences between groups (all P > .05). There were significant improvements postintervention for the CAIT, FAAM-Sport, GRF, SF-36, and all 5 clinician-oriented tests (all P < .001).Conclusions:A single-exercise 4-wk intervention can improve patient- and clinician-oriented outcomes in individuals with CAI. Limited evidence indicates that WB training was more effective than RT.Level of Evidence:Therapy, level 1b.

Effects of balance training on gait parameters in patients with chronic ankle instability: a randomized controlled trial

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 609-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick O McKeon ◽  
Gabriele Paolini ◽  
Christopher D Ingersoll ◽  
D Casey Kerrigan ◽  
Ethan N Saliba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Ankle Instability ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Balance Training ◽  
Chronic Ankle Instability ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Gait Parameters

scholarly journals Cortical Measures of Motor Planning and Balance Training in Patients With Chronic Ankle Instability

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 727-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Burcal ◽  
Hyunjae Jeon ◽  
John M. Gonzales ◽  
Mark E. Faust ◽  
Abbey C. Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Ankle Instability ◽  
Motor Planning ◽  
Balance Training ◽  
Cortical Activity ◽  
Subscale Score ◽  
Chronic Ankle Instability ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Star Excursion Balance Test

Context Motor planning, a prerequisite for goal-driven movement, is a complex process that occurs in the cortex. Evidence has suggested that motor planning is altered in patients with chronic ankle instability (CAI). We know balance training can improve balance, but we do not know if it also improves motor planning. Such changes in cortical activity can be assessed using electroencephalography. Objective To evaluate changes in cortical measures of motor planning after balance training in patients with CAI. Design Controlled laboratory study. Setting Research laboratory. Patients or Other Participants Fifteen patients with CAI (age = 20.80 ± 2.37 years, height = 169.47 ± 7.95 cm, mass = 70.45 ± 19.25 kg). Intervention(s) A 4-week progression-based balance-training program. Main Outcome Measure(s) Motor planning was assessed via electroencephalography before a lateral-stepping task. We calculated event-related spectral perturbations in the θ (4–8 Hz), α (8–12 Hz), β (14–25 Hz), and γ (30–50 Hz) bands. The change in power (in decibels) was calculated in each band for the 500 milliseconds before the onset of the lateral-stepping movement. Additional outcomes were the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM)–Activities of Daily Living and Sport subscales; the anterior-, posteromedial-, and posterolateral-reach directions of the Star Excursion Balance Test; and static balance. Patients completed 3 test sessions: baseline, 24- to 48-hour posttest, and 1-week posttest. Repeated-measures analyses of variance were used to assess changes over time. The α level was set at .05. Results The FAAM–Activities of Daily Living subscale score was improved at both posttests (P &lt; .05), and the FAAM-Sport subscale score was improved at the 1-week posttest (P = .008). Balance was better in all 3 directions of the Star Excursion Balance Test at both posttest sessions (P &lt; .001). After balance training, no differences were identified in cortical activity at either posttest session (P &gt; .05). Conclusions No improvements were identified in electroencephalography measures of motor planning during lateral stepping in patients with CAI. Improved balance suggested that sensorimotor adaptations occurred, but they may not have transferred to the lateral-stepping task or they may have been mediated via other processes in patients with CAI.

scholarly journals Effects of Dry Needling on Neuromuscular Control of Ankle Stabilizer Muscles and Center of Pressure Displacement in Basketball Players with Chronic Ankle Instability: A Single-Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 2092
Author(s):  
Luis López-González ◽  
Deborah Falla ◽  
Irene Lázaro-Navas ◽  
Cristina Lorenzo-Sánchez-Aguilera ◽  
Isabel Rodríguez-Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Ankle Instability ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Neuromuscular Control ◽  
Chronic Ankle Instability ◽  
Dry Needling ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Randomized Controlled

This study aimed to compare the effects of dry needling (DN) versus placebo DN applied to the peroneus longus (PL) and tibialis anterior (TA) on neuromuscular control and static postural control in basketball players with chronic ankle instability (CAI). A single-blinded randomized controlled trial was conducted. Thirty-two male and female basketball players with CAI were randomly assigned to receive either DN (n = 16) or placebo DN (n = 16). Pre-activation amplitudes of PL and TA were assessed with surface electromyography (EMG) during a dynamic landing test. Center of pressure (CoP) displacement and sway variability in anterior-posterior (AP) and medio-lateral (ML) directions were measured with a force platform during a single leg balance test (SLBT). Measures were obtained prior to a single DN intervention, immediately after, at 48 h, and 1 month after. The DN group displayed a significant increase in PL and TA pre-activation values, which were maintained 1 month later. Significant reductions in the ML and AP displacements and sway variability of CoP were found for the DN group. These results showed improvements in feedback/feed-forward strategies following DN, including enhanced neuromuscular control and static postural control, with the potential to become a convenient and accessible preventive treatment in CAI subjects.

Balance Training Versus Balance Training With STARS in Patients With Chronic Ankle Instability: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 347-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Burcal ◽  
Alejandra Y. Trier ◽  
Erik A. Wikstrom
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Ankle Joint ◽  
Ankle Instability ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Balance Training ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Minimal Detectable Change ◽  
Detectable Change ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Training Protocol

Context:Both balance training and selected interventions meant to target sensory structures (STARS) have been shown to be effective at restoring deficits associated with chronic ankle instability (CAI). Clinicians often use multiple treatment modalities in patients with CAI. However, evidence for combined intervention effectiveness in CAI patients remains limited.Objective:To determine if augmenting a balance-training protocol with STARS (BTS) results in greater improvements than balance training (BT) alone in those with CAI.Design:Randomized-controlled trial.Setting:Research laboratory.Patients:24 CAI participants (age 21.3 ± 2.0 y; height 169.8 ± 12.9 cm; mass 72.5 ± 22.2 kg) were randomized into 2 groups: BT and BTS.Interventions:Participants completed a 4-week progression-based balance-training protocol consisting of 3 20-min sessions per week. The experimental group also received a 5-min set of STARS treatments consisting of calf stretching, plantar massage, ankle joint mobilizations, and ankle joint traction before each balance-training session.Main Outcome Measures:Outcomes included self-assessed disability, Star Excursion Balance Test reach distance, and time-to-boundary calculated from static balance trials. All outcomes were assessed before, and 24-hours and 1-week after protocol completion. Self-assessed disability was also captured 1-month after the intervention.Results:No significant group differences were identified (P > .10). Both groups demonstrated improvements in all outcome categories after the interventions (P < .10), many of which were retained at 1-week posttest (P < .10). Although 90% CIs include zero, effect sizes favor BTS. Similarly, only the BTS group exceeded the minimal detectable change for time-to-boundary outcomes.Conclusions:While statistically no more effective, exceeding minimal detectable change scores and favorable effect sizes suggest that a 4-week progressive BTS program may be more effective at improving self-assessed disability and postural control in CAI patients than balance training in isolation.

Effects of Kinesiotape vs Soft and Semirigid Ankle Orthoses on Balance in Patients With Chronic Ankle Instability: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 793-802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hadadi ◽  
Farzaneh Haghighat ◽  
Navid Mohammadpour ◽  
Sobhan Sobhani
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Ankle Instability ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Balance Performance ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Single Leg Stance ◽  
Hop Test ◽  
Single Leg Hop Test

Background: Chronic ankle instability (CAI) is a frequent complication of ankle sprain that may be associated with long-term consequences. Although taping and bracing are common interventions that are widely used by clinicians and athletic trainers for patients with CAI, no studies have compared the effects of kinesiotaping and bracing on balance performance in these patients. The present study aimed to compare the effects of ankle kinesiotaping, a soft ankle orthosis, and a semirigid ankle orthosis on balance performance in patients with CAI. Methods: Sixty patients with CAI were randomly assigned to 4 groups that received kinesiotaping, a soft orthosis, a semirigid orthosis, or no treatment (control group). Dynamic and static balance were measured with the modified Star Excursion Balance Test, single leg hop test, and single leg stance test before and after a 4-week intervention period. Results: Significant between-group differences were seen in all evaluated outcomes ( P ≤ .003). The lowest reach distances in all directions in the modified Star Excursion Balance Test were found in the control group, and these patients also had a significantly shorter measured distance in the single leg hop test, and more errors in the single leg stance test compared with the 3 intervention groups. No significant differences were found among the 3 intervention groups. Conclusion: Use of kinesiotaping and a soft or a semirigid ankle brace for 4 weeks were all beneficial in improving static and dynamic balance in individuals with CAI. None of the interventions was superior to the other 2. Level of Evidence: Level I, randomized controlled trial.

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