scholarly journals Friction Stir Processing Influence on Microstructure, Mechanical, and Corrosion Behavior of Steels: A Review

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (17) ◽  
pp. 5023
Author(s):  
Neçar Merah ◽  
Mohammed Abdul Azeem ◽  
Hafiz M. Abubaker ◽  
Fadi Al-Badour ◽  
Jafar Albinmousa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Friction Stir Processing ◽  
Thermomechanical Processing ◽  
Tool Material ◽  
Crack Propagation Rate ◽  
Propagation Rate ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Fatigue Crack Propagation Rate ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Wide Range

Friction stir processing (FSP) technology has received reasonable attention in the past two decades to process a wide range of materials such as aluminum, magnesium, titanium, steel, and superalloys. Due to its thermomechanical processing nature, FSP is used to alter grain structure and enhance mechanical and corrosion behavior in a wide range of steels. The refinement in grains and phase transformations achieved in steel after FSP affects hardness, tensile properties, fracture toughness, fatigue crack propagation rate, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance. A number of review papers are available on friction stir welding (FSW) or FSP of nonferrous alloys. In this article, a comprehensive literature review on the FSP/FSW of different types of steels is summarized. Specifically, the influence of friction stir processing parameters such as advancing speed, rotational speed, tool material, etc., on steels’ performance is discussed along with assessment methodologies and recommendations.

Estimations of the T-Stress for Small Cracks at Notches

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Wang ◽  
Robert Bell ◽  
Steve Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Superposition Principle ◽  
Crack Propagation Rate ◽  
Propagation Rate ◽  
Additional Stress ◽  
Fatigue Crack Propagation Rate ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
T Stress ◽  
Notch Tip ◽  
Two Parameters

The T-stress is increasingly being recognized as an important additional stress field characterizing parameter in the analysis of cracked bodies. Using T-stress as the constraint parameter, the framework of failure assessments including the constraint effect has been established; and the effect of T-stress on fatigue crack propagation rate has been investigated by several researchers. In this paper, a simple method for determining the T-stress for small notch-emanating cracks is presented. First, the background on the T-stress calculation using the superposition principle and the similarities between the elastic notch tip stress fields described by two parameters: the stress concentration factor and the notch-tip radius, are summarized. Then, the method of estimating T-stress for both short and long cracks at the notches is presented. The method is used to predict T-stress solutions for edge notched plates under remote tension with cracks emanating from the notches. A wide range of notch and crack geometries are considered and the results are compared to the available T-stresses solutions in the literature. Good agreements have been achieved. The method presented here can be used for a variety of notch crack geometries.

Test Stand for Analysis of Fatigue Crack Propagation under Bending with Torsion

2008 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 90-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Gasiak ◽  
Grzegorz Robak
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Crack ◽  
Crack Propagation ◽  
Fatigue Crack Propagation ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Crack Propagation Rate ◽  
Propagation Rate ◽  
Test Stand ◽  
Crack Development ◽  
Fatigue Crack Propagation Rate ◽  
Fatigue Crack Development

The paper presents a test stand for measurements of fatigue crack propagation. The stand includes a fatigue machine MZGS–100 and a device for registration of the crack length. The test stand is equipped with a stereoscopic microscope with fluent magnification of 7× – 67.5×. The microscope can be applied for observation of fatigue crack development. The microscope is also equipped with a digital camera, which enables continuous observation of fatigue crack development on the computer monitor and it is not necessary to stop the machine. The test results obtained at this stand can be used for determination of fatigue life and fatigue crack propagation rate.

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