Personal eye protection. Optical test methods

For lean burn combustor development in low emission aero-engines, the pilot stage of the fuel injector plays a key role with respect to stability, operability, NOx emissions, and smoke production. Therefore it is of considerable interest to characterize the pilot module in terms of pilot zone mixing, fuel placement, flow field, and interaction with the main stage. This contribution focuses on the investigation of soot formation during pilot-only operation. Optical test methods were applied in an optically accessible single sector rig at engine idle conditions. Using planar laser-induced incandescence (LII), the distribution of soot and its dependence on air/fuel ratio, as well as geometric injector parameters, was studied. The data shows that below a certain air/fuel ratio, an increase of soot production occurs. This is in agreement with smoke number measurements in a standard single sector flame tube rig without optical access. Reaction zones were identified using chemiluminescence of OH radicals. In addition, the injector flow field was investigated with PIV. A hypothesis regarding the mechanism of pilot smoke formation was made based on these findings. This along with further investigations will form the basis for developing strategies for smoke improvement at elevated pilot-only conditions.

Download Full-text

No 27 OPTICAL TEST METHODS FOR EYE PROTECTORS

Acta Ophthalmologica ◽

10.1111/j.1755-3768.1984.tb00664.x ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 62 (S164) ◽

pp. 38-38

Author(s):

M. HOIKKALA

Keyword(s):

Test Methods ◽

Optical Test

Download Full-text

Comparing optical test methods for a lightweight primary mirror of a space-borne Cassegrain telescope

Measurement Science and Technology ◽

10.1088/0957-0233/25/9/094014 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 25 (9) ◽

pp. 094014 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Wei-Cheng Lin ◽

Shenq-Tsong Chang ◽

Zong-Ru Yu ◽

Yu-Chuan Lin ◽

Cheng-Fong Ho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Test Methods ◽

Primary Mirror ◽

Optical Test ◽

Cassegrain Telescope

Download Full-text

The application of optical methods for the assessment of the aesthetic compatibility of architectural concrete

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/202032201034 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 322 ◽

pp. 01034

Author(s):

Tomasz Benedysiuk ◽

Wioletta Jackiewicz-Rek

Keyword(s):

Surface Analysis ◽

Optical Method ◽

Quantitative Assessment ◽

Concrete Surface ◽

Test Methods ◽

Optical Methods ◽

Optical Test ◽

Concrete Mix ◽

The Aesthetic ◽

Surface Assessment

Architectural concrete is usually defined as concrete for with the requirements regarding aesthetics of its surface are formulated. The currently applied requirements regarding aesthetics compatibility are mostly based on subjective methods of concrete surface assessment. While it is relatively easy to apply quantitative criteria for components of surface analysis such as porosity, the quantitative assessment of colour compatibility could be problematic. In this paper, an optical method for the assessment of concrete surface colour is presented. The main goal of the investigation was to assess the effect of modifications of the aggregate used for preparation of architectural concrete mix on the surface colour. Optical test methods using a self-made DARK-BOX device were used. The obtained results confirmed the usefulness of the method used to assess the colour compatibility of architectural concrete surfaces.

Download Full-text