scholarly journals Perspectivas antropológicas sobre las formas de (ganarse la) vida

Author(s):  
María Inés Fernández Álvarez ◽  
Mariano Perelman
Keyword(s):  

La reflexión sobre las maneras en que las personas producen formas de garantizar aquello que consideran una vida digna ha cobrado relevancia en los estudios antropológicos, especialmente a la luz de las transformaciones del capitalismo contemporáneo de las últimas décadas. En el norte global, especialmente en Europa, esta reflexión tomó especial dinamismo con la crisis financiera de 2008, que puso en evidencia procesos de más largo aliento vinculados al desmantelamiento del estado de bienestar y las formas de precarización de la vida de amplios sectores de la población. La literatura antropológica buscó así elaborar categorías analíticas que permitieran abordar las formas en que las personas hacen frente a estos procesos. Una de las reflexiones más sugerentes en esta dirección fue formulada por Susana Narotzky y Niko Besnier en un número especial de Current Anthropology publicado en el año 2014, cuya traducción al español abre este número temático de la Revista Cuadernos de Antropología Social. Allí, elaboran una propuesta programática que, sorteando los límites de los modelos abstractos, nos posibilita “repensar la economía” al colocar la mirada en las continuidades y transformaciones de los sistemas colectivos que permiten sostener la vida. Esto incluye, desde su perspectiva, las posibilidades y necesidades objetivas y subjetivas de las personas para proyectar su vida futura. Recuperan para ello contribuciones de la economía política, la economía moral y la economía feminista, y proponen en su articulación una perspectiva que apuesta a formular una teoría antropológica de la reproducción social en el capitalismo actual.

PMLA ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 846-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard F. Hardin

Since the 1960s scholars have challenged earlier assumptions concerning ritual and literature. They have seriously discredited both the “ritual theory of myth” and traditional ideas on the relation of ritual to Greek and medieval drama. Although some critics still subscribe to theories of psychoanalysis and the “Cambridge anthropological school,” current anthropology offers superior theories of ritual, particularly those of Victor Turner, with their emphasis on community. Because literature and rites have similar emotional effects we have tended to equate them, but by so doing we confuse the liminal with the “liminoid.” Modern authors influenced by Frazer often invite this comparison. Rene Girard's theories of scapegoat and civilization have provided a new, if controversial, turn to ritual criticism. Rites share their symbolic nature with art, but their peculiar satisfaction lies in the experience of community.


Author(s):  
Mithun Sikdar

In one of the articles published in Current Anthropology way back in 1973, David G. Mandelbaum talked about two approaches to understand the life of an individual. For him, to observe the lifestyle of a person or gain the knowledge about a lifestyle of a person, social scientists always succumb to two main approaches: life passage studies and life history studies. Life passage studies understand the contribution of society about the socialization and enculturation of their young ones, whereas life history studies emphasize the personified experiences and requirements of the individuals and how the individual copes up with the society. Here I have adopted the means of life history study to see some of the facets of Gandhiji’s life and its influence in the society. I shall do it by looking at some of his philosophies on health, food, sexual life, rather than going into the details of his whole life history. I shall do it without perplexing my own way of understanding “Mahatma” and linking sometimes my own life experiences that had been influenced by the philosophies of Gandhiji. I shall be carrying out an autoethnography by perceiving the virtues of Gandhiji in my own life. Nevertheless, it will rather be a futile exercise to describe his philosophies in a single paper and that too with a minimum experience on his whole life.


1968 ◽  
Vol 9 (5, Part 2) ◽  
pp. 566-583
Keyword(s):  

1965 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-280
Author(s):  
Ethel Nurge
Keyword(s):  

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