Faculty Opinions recommendation of Sexual reproduction between partners of the same mating type in Cryptococcus neoformans.

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
June Kwon-Chung
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Reproduction ◽  
Cryptococcus Neoformans ◽  
Mating Type

Sexual reproduction between partners of the same mating type in Cryptococcus neoformans

Nature ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 434 (7036) ◽  
pp. 1017-1021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaorong Lin ◽  
Christina M. Hull ◽  
Joseph Heitman
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Reproduction ◽  
Cryptococcus Neoformans ◽  
Mating Type

scholarly journals Mating-type specific ribosomal proteins control aspects of sexual reproduction in Cryptococcus neoformans

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Ianiri ◽  
Yufeng “Francis” Fang ◽  
Tim A. Dahlmann ◽  
Shelly Applen Clancey ◽  
Guilhem Janbon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Reproduction ◽  
Cryptococcus Neoformans ◽  
Mating Type ◽  
Ribosomal Proteins ◽  
Gene Replacement ◽  
Mutant Strains ◽  
Targeted Gene Replacement ◽  
Mating Type Genes ◽  
Mendelian Analysis ◽  
Dependent Mechanism

AbstractThe MAT locus of Cryptococcus neoformans has a bipolar organization characterized by an unusually large structure, spanning over 100 kb. MAT genes have been characterized by functional genetics as being involved in sexual reproduction and virulence. However, classical gene replacement failed to achieve mutants for five MAT genes (RPL22, RPO41, MYO2, PRT1, RPL39), indicating that they are likely essential. In the present study, targeted gene replacement was performed in a diploid strain for both the α and a alleles of the ribosomal genes RPL22 and RPL39. Mendelian analysis of the progeny confirmed that both RPL22 and RPL39 are essential for viability. Ectopic integration of the RPL22 allele of opposite MAT identity in the heterozygous RPL22a/rpl22αΔ or RPL22α/rpl22aΔ mutant strains failed to complement their essential phenotype. Evidence suggests that this is due to differential expression of the RPL22 genes, and an RNAi-dependent mechanism that contributes to control RPL22a expression. Furthermore, via CRISPR/Cas9 technology the RPL22 alleles were exchanged in haploid MATα and MATa strains of C. neoformans. These RPL22 exchange strains displayed morphological and genetic defects during bilateral mating. These results contribute to elucidate functions of C. neoformans essential mating type genes that may constitute a type of imprinting system to promote inheritance of nuclei of both mating types.

scholarly journals Mating-Type-Specific Ribosomal Proteins Control Aspects of Sexual Reproduction in Cryptococcus neoformans

Genetics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 214 (3) ◽  
pp. 635-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Ianiri ◽  
Yufeng “Francis” Fang ◽  
Tim A. Dahlmann ◽  
Shelly Applen Clancey ◽  
Guilhem Janbon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Reproduction ◽  
Cryptococcus Neoformans ◽  
Mating Type ◽  
Ribosomal Proteins ◽  
Gene Replacement ◽  
Mutant Strains ◽  
Targeted Gene Replacement ◽  
Mating Type Genes ◽  
Mendelian Analysis ◽  
Dependent Mechanism

The MAT locus of Cryptococcus neoformans has a bipolar organization characterized by an unusually large structure, spanning over 100 kb. MAT genes have been characterized by functional genetics as being involved in sexual reproduction and virulence. However, classical gene replacement failed to achieve mutants for five MAT genes (RPL22, RPO41, MYO2, PRT1, and RPL39), indicating that they are likely essential. In the present study, targeted gene replacement was performed in a diploid strain for both the α and a alleles of the ribosomal genes RPL22 and RPL39. Mendelian analysis of the progeny confirmed that both RPL22 and RPL39 are essential for viability. Ectopic integration of the RPL22 allele of opposite MAT identity in the heterozygous RPL22a/rpl22αΔ or RPL22α/rpl22aΔ mutant strains failed to complement their essential phenotype. Evidence suggests that this is due to differential expression of the RPL22 genes, and an RNAi-dependent mechanism that contributes to control RPL22a expression. Furthermore, via CRISPR/Cas9 technology, the RPL22 alleles were exchanged in haploid MATα and MATa strains of C. neoformans. These RPL22 exchange strains displayed morphological and genetic defects during bilateral mating. These results contribute to elucidating functions of C. neoformans essential mating type genes that may constitute a type of imprinting system to promote inheritance of nuclei of both mating types.

The alpha-mating type locus of Cryptococcus neoformans contains a peptide pheromone gene

1993 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1962-1970
Author(s):  
T D Moore ◽  
J C Edman
Keyword(s):  
Cryptococcus Neoformans ◽  
Mating Type ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Mating Types ◽  
Type Locus ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Cloning Method ◽  
Opportunistic Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Specific Fragment

The opportunistic fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans has two mating types, MATa and MAT alpha. The MAT alpha strains are more virulent. Mating of opposite mating type haploid yeast cells results in the production of a filamentous hyphal phase. The MAT alpha locus has been isolated in this study in order to identify the genetic differences between mating types and their contribution to virulence. A 138-bp fragment of MAT alpha-specific DNA which cosegregates with alpha-mating type was isolated by using a difference cloning method. Overlapping phage and cosmid clones spanning the entire MAT alpha locus were isolated by using this MAT alpha-specific fragment as a probe. Mapping of these clones physically defined the MAT alpha locus to a 35- to 45-kb region which is present only in MAT alpha strains. Transformation studies with fragments of the MAT alpha locus identified a 2.1-kb XbaI-HindIII fragment that directs starvation-induced filament formation in MATa cells but not in MAT alpha cells. This 2.1-kb fragment contains a gene, MF alpha, with a small open reading frame encoding a pheromone precursor similar to the lipoprotein mating factors found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Ustilago maydis, and Schizosaccharomyces pombe. The ability of the MATa cells to express, process, and secrete the MAT alpha pheromone in response to starvation suggests similar mechanisms for these processes in both cell types. These results also suggest that the production of pheromone is under a type of nutritional control shared by the two cell types.

Identification of biosynthetic intermediates for the mating hormone α2 of the plant pathogen Phytophthora

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suguru Ariyoshi ◽  
Yusuke Imazu ◽  
Ryuji Ohguri ◽  
Ryo Katsuta ◽  
Arata Yajima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Sexual Reproduction ◽  
Mating Type ◽  
Plant Pathogen ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Mating Types ◽  
Synthetic Intermediates ◽  
The Cross

Abstract The heterothallic group of the plant pathogen Phytophthora can sexually reproduce between the cross-compatible mating types A1 and A2. The mating hormone α2, produced by A2 mating type and utilized to promote the sexual reproduction of the partner A1 type, is known to be biosynthesized from phytol. In this study, we identified two biosynthetic intermediates, 11- and 16-hydroxyphytols (1 and 2), for α2 by administering the synthetic intermediates to an A2 type strain to produce α2 and by administering phytol to A2 strains to detect the intermediates in the mycelia. The results suggest that α2 is biosynthesized by possibly two cytochrome P450 oxygenases via two hydroxyphytol intermediates (1 and 2) in A2 hyphae and secreted outside.

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