A Study on the Regulatory Trends of the Transnational Subsidies

This chapter begins with a breakdown of recent growth trends for the overall commodities market. However, the long-term future of the market will heavily depend on three pressing issues: excess supply, increased regulations, and algorithmic trading. The section on excess supply explores how traders are changing strategies to adjust to the current imbalance between supply and demand, especially in the steel industry, and how that imbalance might change in the future based on global population trends and climate change concerns. The next section examines several regulatory trends, including the dramatic exodus of some investment banks from certain segments of the commodities market followed by a section focusing on how algorithmic trading is influencing how commodities are traded. A discussion of potential scenarios for the commodities market follows. The chapter concludes by examining a few ways in which the market and commodity traders may both survive and even thrive in the future.

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The Accountability of Multinational Companies for Human Rights Violations, Regulatory Trends and New Punitive Approaches Across Europe

European Criminal Law Review ◽

10.5771/2193-5505-2021-1-36 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 36-62

Author(s):

Rossella Sabia

Keyword(s):

Human Rights ◽

Criminal Law ◽

Multinational Companies ◽

Financial Disclosure ◽

Soft Law ◽

Human Rights Violations ◽

Legal Obligations ◽

Disclosure Laws ◽

Global Operations ◽

Regulatory Trends

This article investigates the emergence of new regulatory trends in the context of human rights accountability - traditionally characterised by soft law and non-binding guidelines -, where in recent times mandatory non-financial disclosure laws have started to impose on multinational companies new legal obligations complemented by sanctions of a different nature and intensity. By comparing three relevant pieces of legislation in the European panorama, this contribution addresses the reasons why also criminal law scholars should pay attention to the evolution of such regulatory framework, as the prospect of punitive mechanisms aimed at holding large companies accountable for human rights violations in their global operations could become, to some extent, less remote.

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Continental Licensing Regime and its Impact

De Jure ◽

10.54664/obne7046 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Ivelina Aleksandrova ◽

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Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

State Regulation ◽

Pharmaceutical Market ◽

Regulatory Trends

The article reveals the national features and regulatory trends in the licensing of pharmacies abroad. The general trends of state regulation of the pharmaceutical market are summarized. Some specific advanced methods and tools of pharmaceutical state regulation are being considered in developing countries.

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