scholarly journals The processing of cataphora coreference in Brazilian Portuguese

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo de Almeida ◽  
José Neto
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Brazilian Portuguese ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Active Search ◽  
Search Mechanism ◽  
As If

This study aimed to explore whether the processing of cataphoric coreference in Brazilian Portuguese (BP) is guided by a top-down strategy as postulated by the active search mechanism (ASM) or by a bottom-up routine, as well as if this process is restricted by the Principle C constraint. The results revealed that ASM is not a mechanism used to solve the intended coreference in BP and that the participants have demonstrated sensitiveness to establish the coreference while they had to interpret it. In addition, there is evidence that illicit antecedents are not considered during cataphoric resolution, which suggests that the Principle C constraint impacts on the processing and seems to not be violated during the time course of the computation.

scholarly journals Time Course of Top-down and Bottom-up Influences on Syllable Processing in the Auditory Cortex

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milene Bonte ◽  
Tiina Parviainen ◽  
Kaisa Hytönen ◽  
Riitta Salmelin
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up

scholarly journals Top-down and bottom-up aspects of active search in a real-world environment.

2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Foulsham ◽  
Craig Chapman ◽  
Eleni Nasiopoulos ◽  
Alan Kingstone
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Active Search ◽  
World Environment

scholarly journals The time course of synaesthetic colour perception

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Lungu ◽  
Nicolas Rothen ◽  
Devin Terhune
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Temporal Order ◽  
Temporal Order Judgment ◽  
Neural Mechanisms ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Colour Perception ◽  
Bottom Up

Grapheme-colour synaesthesia is a neurodevelopmental condition wherein perception of numbers and letters consistently and involuntarily elicits the concurrent experience of a colour photism. Accumulating evidence suggests that heterogeneity in the visuospatial phenomenology of synaesthesia is attributable to the operation of top-down processes underlying photisms experienced as representations in associator synaesthetes and bottom-up processes subserving photisms experienced as spatially localized in projector synaesthetes. An untested corollary of this hypothesis is that bottom-up mechanisms will actuate earlier photism perception in projector synaesthetes. We tested this prediction in a pre-registered study in which associators and projectors completed adaptive temporal order judgment tasks for graphemes, colours, and photisms. In corroboration of the hypothesis of differential photism access across visuospatial phenomenology subtypes, projectors displayed earlier photism colour thresholds than associators whereas the two subtypes did not significantly differ in veridical colour thresholds. Synesthetes did not differ in grapheme or colour thresholds relative to non-synesthete controls, contrary to previous suggestions of superior colour processing in this condition. These results are consistent with the proposal of differential neural mechanisms underlying photism perception in subtypes of grapheme-colour synaesthesia and warrant renewed attention to heterogeneity in the mechanisms and phenomenology of this condition.

scholarly journals Investigating the Time Course of Spoken Word Recognition: Electrophysiological Evidence for the Influences of Phonological Similarity

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 1893-1906 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy S. Desroches ◽  
Randy Lynn Newman ◽  
Marc F. Joanisse
Keyword(s):  
Word Recognition ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Phonological Similarity ◽  
Matching Task ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Auditory Word ◽  
Related Potentials

Behavioral and modeling evidence suggests that words compete for recognition during auditory word identification, and that phonological similarity is a driving factor in this competition. The present study used event-related potentials (ERPs) to examine the temporal dynamics of different types of phonological competition (i.e., cohort and rhyme). ERPs were recorded during a novel picture–word matching task, where a target picture was followed by an auditory word that either matched the target (CONE–cone), or mismatched in one of three ways: rhyme (CONE–bone), cohort (CONE–comb), and unrelated (CONE–fox). Rhymes and cohorts differentially modulated two distinct ERP components, the phonological mismatch negativity and the N400, revealing the influences of prelexical and lexical processing components in speech recognition. Cohort mismatches resulted in late increased negativity in the N400, reflecting disambiguation of the later point of miscue and the combined influences of top–down expectations and misleading bottom–up phonological information on processing. In contrast, we observed a reduction in the N400 for rhyme mismatches, reflecting lexical activation of rhyme competitors. Moreover, the observed rhyme effects suggest that there is an interaction between phoneme-level and lexical-level information in the recognition of spoken words. The results support the theory that both levels of information are engaged in parallel during auditory word recognition in a way that permits both bottom–up and top–down competition effects.

On the time course of bottom-up and top-down processes in selective visual attention: An EEG study

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (11) ◽  
pp. 1660-1671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Schneider ◽  
Christian Beste ◽  
Edmund Wascher
Keyword(s):  
Visual Attention ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Selective Visual Attention

Psychology and Culture: Top Down Versus Bottom Up?

PsycCRITIQUES ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 50 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Cole
Keyword(s):  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up
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