Peritonitis by Spontaneous rupture of ovarian dermoid cyst: a case report

Background: Ovarian dermoid cyst is a benign congenital tumor. It is often incidentally diagnosed and can be revealed in very rare cases by spontaneous rupture. We report the case of a ruptured ovarian dermal cyst complicated by generalized peritonitis. Case report: This was a 20-year-old female patient, who consulted for abdominal pain associated with fever and vomiting. Physical examination found generalized abdominal contracture. Plain abdominal radiography found pneumoperitoneum. Biology showed leukocytosis at 18000 / mm3. Median laparotomy revealed a collection 2000 cc of pus with a ruptured right ovarian mass. An adnexectomy with lavage of abdominal cavity were performed. Anatomopathological examination concluded to an ovarian dermoid cyst with no sign of malignancy. The postoperative course was uneventful. Conclusion: Rupture of a dermoid cyst of the ovary is a rare acute complication. Examination of the operative specimen is mandatory to eliminate malignancy. Keywords: Ovary; Dermoid cyst; Rupture; Acute complication; Peritonitis; Ovary