Archaeological, Written, and Palaeoecological Evidence for Environmental Change in the Wake of Settlement in Iceland: Two Case Studies

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (sp1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Guðrún Sveinbjarnardóttir
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noel B. Verrinder ◽  
Kagiso Zwane ◽  
Debby Nixon ◽  
Sara Vaca

Impact investing is becoming one of the largest forces in driving social and environmental change globally. However, how one defines, measures and communicates this impact is not well defined or consistently implemented. This can prevent investors from making well-informed decisions and allows for ‘impact washing’. The evaluation community has many tools that could be adapted and used in the world of impact investing. Theories of change allow for the better communication of impact, identification of indicators to be measured and critical interrogation of logic. The attributes of theories of change could assist in steering the growing force of impact investing towards gathering more investment and achieving greater impact. This paper is exploratory and examines the development and use of theories of change as a tool for impact investing and seeks to identify the benefits of the tool. We qualitatively review three case studies of organisations that have implemented theories of change and identify common key themes. We find that theories of change are a useful tool for the communication of impact, identification of indicators to be measured and for the critical interrogation of logic. However, theories of change do not provide a panacea to the impact challenge; the need to rigorously measure impact is not fulfilled by merely identifying what needs to be measured. Regardless, the use of theories of change adds an advantage in a space where others have not gone to the same length to show their commitment to driving change.


Author(s):  
Carolin Schröder ◽  
Heike Walk

This chapter focuses on the role of the co-operative model in promoting environmental protection, focusing on the experience of German housing co-operatives. It offers case studies of three housing co-operatives: Spar-und Bauverein Hannover eG (Hanover); Weiberwirtschaft eG (Berlin) and Möckernkiez eG (Berlin). The chapter argues that co-operatives offer great potential for climate protection activities at the local level, because their democratic structures facilitate participation and solidarity, and should be viewed as potential partners in pursuing environmental change by political, economic, and civil society groups.


Author(s):  
MICHAEL F. THOMAS

The rapidly expanding literature on the related subjects of geodiversity, geosites and their place in understanding and conserving our geoheritage has produced several proposed protocols for defining and valuing key sites and landscapes. Distinctions between geosites as well-defined features of our geological heritage and geodiversity sites as landscapes or geomorphosites have been proposed, while many subdivisions of the criteria for geosite recognition are also recognised. This paper uses two areas in central Africa to illustrate the realities of many landscapes, termed geosystems in this study. Largely Quaternary and present-day dynamic geosystems are considered as essential components of geodiversity and equally aspects of our geoheritage. To understand these geosystems requires detailed fieldwork including their relationships to ecology, rural land use and sensitivity to environmental change.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace I.E. Cosgrove ◽  
et al.

Figure S1 (location map of the 55 ancient eolian case studies), Table S1 (list of case studies and associated source literature), Table S2 (definitions of architectural elements and types discussed in the text), and Table S3 (data used to generate the results presented here).<br>


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