Measuring Resistance and Engagement: The Linguaculture Motivation Profiler

2020 ◽  
Vol 2019 (1) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Joseph Shaules ◽  
Robinson Fritz ◽  
Sumiko Miyafusa

This paper is a report on a research project examining psychological resistance to foreign language learning and describes the development of a psychometric instrument—the Linguaculture Motivation Profiler (LMP). The authors argue that in SLA, motivation is often conceptualized in binary terms—motivated vs. unmotivated. They indicate that, in fact, humans have two neurocognitive motivational systems—approach motivation and avoidance motivation. Borrowing from intercultural adjustment theory, the researchers argue that negative reactions to the psychological challenges of language learning are a normal part of the learning process. The LMP conceptualizes motivation in terms of engagement (approach motivation) and resistance (avoidance motivation). It also measures mixed states, a complex psychological state in which learners both engage and resist at the same time. The authors discuss how the LMP is being used in the classroom, and implications for an enriched, more complex understanding of motivation. This can encourage learner self-understanding and improved learning outcomes. 外国語学習における心理的な抵抗感に関する考察と、それを測定するLinguaculture Motivation Profiler (LMP)について報告する。第二言語習得研究(SLA)では、学習意欲は意欲があるかどうか議論される。実際、人には学習意欲が向上したり、低下したりする神経認知の学習意欲のシステムがあり、学習者は言語を学ぶ際に心理的に複雑な反応をしている。SLAは、学習意欲の向上に注目し、意欲の低下については否定的に捉える傾向にある。しかし、異文化適応説では、言語を学ぶ際の否定的な反応は学習過程において通常のことであるとしている。本稿は意欲があることをengagement、低い状態をresistanceと概念化している。また、学習意欲を示しながらも否定的な反応を示す複雑な心理状態をmixed statesとする。最後にLMPが授業の中でどのように実践されているのかについてまとめた。

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven C. Pan ◽  
Jahan Tajran ◽  
Jarrett Lovelett ◽  
Jessica Osuna ◽  
Timothy Rickard

Do the cognitive benefits of interleaving—the method of alternating between two or more skills or concepts during training—extend to foreign language learning? In four experiments, we investigated the efficacy of interleaved vs. conventional blocked practice for teaching adult learners to conjugate Spanish verbs in the preterite and imperfect past tenses. In the first two experiments, training occurred during a single session and interleaving between tenses began during the presentation of introductory content (Experiment 1) or during randomly-ordered verb conjugation practice trials at the end of the training session (Experiment 2). This yielded, respectively, numerically higher performance in the blocked group and equivalent performance in the interleaved and blocked groups on a two-day delayed test. In Experiments 3 and 4, the amount of training was increased across two weekly sessions in which the blocked group trained on one tense per session and the interleaved group trained on both tenses per session, with random interleaving occurring during verb conjugation practice trials. Interleaving yielded substantially better performance on a one-week delayed test. Thus, although interleaving did not confer an advantage over blocking under two different single-session training schedules, it improved learning when used to practice conjugating verbs across multiple training sessions. These results constitute the first demonstration of an interleaving effect for foreign language learning.


2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua E. Vanarsdall ◽  
James S. Nairne ◽  
Mindi Cogdill ◽  
Josefa N. S. Pandeirada

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-219
Author(s):  
Rasmus Berggren ◽  
Jonna Nilsson ◽  
Yvonne Brehmer ◽  
Florian Schmiedek ◽  
Martin Lövdén

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra G. Kouritzin ◽  
Nathalie A. Piquemal ◽  
Robert D. Renaud

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