scholarly journals Diagnostic value of alcoholic liver disease (ALD)/nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) index combined with γ-glutamyl transferase in differentiating ALD and NAFLD

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junling Wang ◽  
Ping Li ◽  
Zhilong Jiang ◽  
Qiuhui Yang ◽  
Yuqiang Mi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Alcoholic Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

scholarly journals Corrigendum to “The Effect of a Hydrolyzed Polysaccharide Dietary Supplement on Biomarkers in Adults with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease”

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
John E. Lewis ◽  
Steven E. Atlas ◽  
Oscar L. Higuera ◽  
Andrea Fiallo ◽  
Ammar Rasul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

The primary objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of a hydrolyzed polysaccharide, Rice Bran Arabinoxylan Compound (RBAC), on biomarkers in adults with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). A 90-day randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial examined the effect of RBAC on complete blood count, liver enzymes, lipids, oxidative stress markers, cytokines, and growth factors. Twenty-three adults with NAFLD were enrolled and randomly assigned to one of the two study conditions (n = 12 RBAC and n = 11 placebo) and consumed 1 gram/day of either compound for 90 days. Subjects were assessed at baseline and 45 and 90 days. No adverse effects were reported. Alkaline phosphatase significantly decreased (−3.1%; SD = 19.9; F[1, 19] = 5.1, p=0.03) in the RBAC group compared to placebo. Percent monocytes (17.9%; SD = 18.3; F[1, 19] = 5.9, p=0.02) and percent eosinophils (30.6%; SD = 30.5; F[1, 19] = 12.3, p<0.01) increased in the RBAC group. IFN-γ (156%; SD = 131.8; F[1, 19] = 4.2, p=0.06) and IL-18 (29.1%; SD = 64; F[1, 19] = 5.3, p=0.03) increased in the RBAC group compared to placebo. Other improvements were noted for platelets, neutrophils, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, γ-glutamyl transferase, and 4-hydroxynonenal. RBAC had beneficial effects on several biomarkers that add to the known immunomodulatory activities of RBAC, which may be promising for people with NAFLD. This trial is registered with NCT02568787.

scholarly journals Serum Adropin Levels Are Reduced in Adult Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 463-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orkide  Kutlu ◽  
Özgür Altun ◽  
Okan Dikker ◽  
Şerife Aktaş ◽  
Neslihan Özsoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

Objectives: Adropin is a novel marker of metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to explore the association of serum adropin levels with hepatosteatosis among adult patients. Materials and Methods: Serum biochemical parameters including liver and renal function tests, insulin levels, and serum adropin levels were compared between adult patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and healthy control cases. Results: A total of 51 patients with a mean age of 37.9 ± 9.96 years diagnosed with grade 2–3 hepatosteatosis and 30 healthy control cases with a mean age of 34.8 ± 9.5 years were included in the study. Serum adropin levels in the NAFLD group were statistically significantly lower than in the control cases (588.4 ± 261.0 vs. 894.2 ± 301.2, respectively; p < 0.001). The study participants were further subdivided into 2 groups as patients with (n = 35) or without (n = 46) insulin resistance using the serum homeostatic model of assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Serum adropin levels were statistically significantly lower in patients with insulin resistance (p < 0.01). There was a negative correlation between adropin levels and serum insulin, HOMA-IR, urea, gamma-glutamyl transferase, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels. Conclusion: We observed a decrease in serum adropin levels among adult patients with NAFLD. We also found lower levels of serum adropin in patients with insulin resistance, supporting previous data in the literature. Studies investigating the association of adropin levels with other inflammatory parameters are warranted to define its exact role in the pathogenesis of hepatosteatosis.

scholarly journals Hepatoprotective Effects of a Novel Trihoney against Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Comparative Study with Atorvastatin

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Hamad Abdulsalam Hamad Alfarisi ◽  
Muhammad Bin Ibrahim ◽  
Zenab B. Hamad Mohamed ◽  
Nuraniza Azahari ◽  
Asmah Hanim Bt. Hamdan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Hepatoprotective Effects ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent chronic liver disorder worldwide with no curative therapy. The aim of this study was to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of a novel Trihoney against biochemical and histological manifestations of NAFLD in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. Methodology. Forty-eight male New Zealand white (NZW) rabbits were grouped into normal diet (C), normal diet with 0.6 g/kg/day of Trihoney (C + H), 1% cholesterol diet (HCD), 1% cholesterol diet with 0.3 g/kg/day of Trihoney (HCD + H1), 1% cholesterol diet with 0.6 g/kg/day of Trihoney (HCD + H2), and 1% cholesterol diet with 2 mg/kg/day of atorvastatin (HCD + At.). Animals were sacrificed after 12 weeks of treatment. Serum lipids and liver function test (LFT) were measured prior to and at the endpoint of the experiment for total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-c), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), and total bilirubin (T. Bil.). Liver was processed for histopathology study. Liver homogenate was analysed for oxidative stress parameters: superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and malondialdehyde (MDA). Results. Lipid analysis approved the induction of hypercholesterolemia. A significant elevation (p<0.01) of serum AST and ALT levels showed by the HCD group was compared to C and C + H groups. Trihoney exhibited a significant reduction (p<0.001) of AST and ALT compared to the HCD group. Likewise, AST and ALT reduced significantly in the HCD + At. group (p<0.001). Trihoney supplementation induced significant (p<0.05) enhancement of SOD and GPx activities. Atorvastatin treatment was associated with significant (p<0.05) reduction of SOD and GPx activities in the liver. Trihoney and atorvastatin showed marked (p<0.001) reduction of hepatic lipid peroxidation. Trihoney showed histological protection against progression of NAFLD to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Atorvastatin exhibited no beneficial impact on hepatic architecture. Conclusion. Trihoney was able to maintain normal liver function and showed hepatoprotection against progression of NAFLD to NASH probably through hypocholesterolaemic and antioxidant functions.

Distinguishing Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease From Alcoholic Liver Disease: Is ANI Enough?

2007 ◽  
Vol 132 (5) ◽  
pp. 2076-2077
Author(s):  
Roberto J. Carvalho Filho ◽  
André N. Milani ◽  
Juliana P. Sampaio ◽  
Leonardo L. Schiavon ◽  
Janaína N. Schiavon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Alcoholic Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver

scholarly journals INSULIN AND INSULIN RECEPTOR GENE POLYMORPHISMS AND SUSCEPTIBILITY TO NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-208
Author(s):  
Hossein NOBAKHT ◽  
Touraj MAHMOUDI ◽  
Mohammad SABZIKARIAN ◽  
Seidamir Pasha TABAEIAN ◽  
Gholamreza REZAMAND ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Insulin Receptor ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an increasing global health concern defined by excessive hepatic fat content in the absence of excessive alcohol consumption. OBJECTIVE: Given the pivotal role of insulin resistance in NAFLD, we hypothesized that insulin (INS) and insulin receptor (INSR) gene polymorphisms may be associated with NAFLD risk. METHODS: A total of 312 subjects, including 153 cases with biopsy-proven NAFLD and 159 controls were enrolled in this case-control study. Four polymorphisms in INS (rs3842752, rs689) and INSR (rs1052371, rs1799817) genes were genotyped using PCR-RFLP method. RESULTS: The cases with NAFLD were older and had higher BMI, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, as well as higher serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and gamma glutamyl transferase than the controls (P<0.001). The “TT” genotype of INSR rs1799817 compared with “CC” genotype occurred more frequently in the controls than the cases with NAFLD and the difference remained significant after adjustment for confounding factors (P=0.018; OR=0.10, 95%CI=0.02-0.76). However, no significant difference was found for INS rs3842752, INS rs689, and INSR rs1052371 gene polymorphisms between the cases with NAFLD and the controls either before or after adjustment for the confounders. CONCLUSION: These findings corroborate the hypothesis that genetic polymorphisms related to insulin resistance play a role in NAFLD susceptibility. Specifically, the INSR rs1799817 “TT” genotype had a protective effect for NAFLD. However, our results remain to be validated in other studies.

scholarly journals Drinking and Obesity: Alcoholic Liver Disease/Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Interactions

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (02) ◽  
pp. 154-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredrik Åberg ◽  
Martti Färkkilä
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Alcoholic Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Interaction Effects ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver

AbstractAlcohol and obesity are the main risk factors for alcoholic liver disease and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), respectively, and they frequently coexist. There are considerable synergistic interaction effects between hazardous alcohol use and obesity-associated metabolic abnormalities in the development and progression of fatty liver disease. Intermittent binge-drinking has been shown to promote steatohepatitis from obesity-related steatosis, and binge-drinking is associated with progression to cirrhosis even when average alcohol intake is within the currently used criteria for a NAFLD diagnosis. Recent longitudinal studies in NAFLD have shown that light-to-moderate alcohol use is associated with fibrosis progression and incident clinical liver disease, suggesting that there is no liver-safe limit of alcohol intake in the presence of NAFLD; a J-shaped association between alcohol and all-cause mortality remains controversial. The interaction effects between alcohol and obesity make the present strict dichotomization of liver disease into alcoholic and NAFLD inappropriate, and require attention in future research, public health policy, individual counseling, and risk stratification.

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