Differentiating Pediatric Bipolar Spectrum Disorders from Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 410-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina Sala ◽  
Mary Kay Gill ◽  
Boris Birmaher
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Bipolar Spectrum ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Bipolar Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

scholarly journals An Exploratory Study of Emotional Dysregulation Dimensions in Youth With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and/or Bipolar Spectrum Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele Masi ◽  
Gianluca Sesso ◽  
Chiara Pfanner ◽  
Elena Valente ◽  
Agnese Molesti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Emotional Dysregulation ◽  
Comorbid Condition ◽  
Bipolar Spectrum ◽  
Indirect Measure ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Bipolar Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Shared Risk

Emotional dysregulation (ED) is currently the most frequently used term to describe children with an impaired regulation of emotional states. Recent research studies speculate whether ED may be a neurodevelopmental disorder itself, a shared risk factor, or a common key feature of several psychiatric disorders, including, among others, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and bipolar spectrum disorders (BSD). The association between ADHD and ED is one of the main reasons of misconceptions in the definition of boundaries between ADHD and BSD, leading to the frequent misdiagnosis of ADHD as BSD. Since ED is a multidimensional concept, a novel instrument—the Reactivity, Intensity, Polarity and Stability (RIPoSt) scale—was recently developed to assess the different dimensions of ED, which could help in detecting specific ED profiles in clinical youths. Our study included 154 patients, aged 13.8 ± 2.3 years, diagnosed with either ADHD, BSD, or comorbid condition, and a school-based sample of 40 healthy control (HC) adolescents, aged 12.5 ± 1.2 years. The RIPoSt scale and the Child Behavior Checklist were administered to both groups. Our results indicate that affective instability and negative emotionality subscales, as well as negative emotional dysregulation, are higher in BSD, both pure and comorbid with ADHD, while emotional impulsivity is higher in the comorbid condition and similar in the ADHD and BSD alone group; all clinical groups scored higher than HC. Conversely, positive emotionality is similar among clinical groups and within them and HC. Our findings also support the validity of the RIPoSt questionnaire, since the instrument proved to have good-to-excellent internal consistency, and strongly significant positive correlations were found with the CBCL-Dysregulation Profile, which is a commonly used, indirect measure of ED. Hence, the five subscales of the RIPoSt can be reliably used as an effective tool to study the emotional dysregulation in different clinical conditions, to help disentangle the complex relationship between ADHD and juvenile BSD and to provide clinicians with crucial evidence for better diagnostic characterization and therapeutic indications.

scholarly journals Socioemotional profiles of autism spectrum disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and disinhibited and reactive attachment disorders: a symptom comparison and network approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Barry Coughlan ◽  
Matt Woolgar ◽  
Marinus H. van IJzendoorn ◽  
Robbie Duschinsky
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Attachment Disorders ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Reactive Attachment ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

Abstract Children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and disinhibited and reactive attachment disorders (RAD/DAD) often experience socioemotional problems. Elucidating a clear picture of these profiles is essential. Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaires (SDQs) were analysed from cohort of children with ASD (n = 1430), ADHD (n = 1193), and RAD/DAD (n = 39). Kruskal–Wallis Tests and network analytic techniques were used to investigate symptom profiles. Children with ASD experienced more emotional problems, peer problems and fewer prosocial behaviours. Children with ADHD and RAD/DAD had higher levels of hyperactivity and conduct problems. Overall, ASD and ADHD networks were highly correlated (rs = 0.82), and we did not observe a statistically significant difference in terms of global Strength.

scholarly journals Human Plasma Glycome in Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorders

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. M110.004200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nela Pivac ◽  
Ana Knežević ◽  
Olga Gornik ◽  
Maja Pučić ◽  
Wilmar Igl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Human Plasma ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

scholarly journals Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and risk for psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders in siblings

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elina Jokiranta-Olkoniemi ◽  
Keely Cheslack-Postava ◽  
Petteri Joelsson ◽  
Auli Suominen ◽  
Alan S. Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

AbstractBackgroundProbands with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are at increased risk for several psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders. The risk of these disorders among the siblings of probands has not been thoroughly assessed in a population-based cohort.MethodsEvery child born in Finland in 1991–2005 and diagnosed with ADHD in 1995–2011 were identified from national registers. Each case was matched with four controls on sex, place, and date of birth. The full siblings of the cases and controls were born in 1981–2007 and diagnosed in 1981–2013. In total, 7369 cases with 12 565 siblings and 23 181 controls with 42 753 siblings were included in the analyses conducted using generalized estimating equations.Results44.2% of the cases and 22.2% of the controls had at least one sibling diagnosed with any psychiatric or neurodevelopmental disorder (risk ratio, RR = 2.1; 95% CI 2.0–2.2). The strongest associations were demonstrated for childhood-onset disorders including ADHD (RR = 5.7; 95% CI 5.1–6.3), conduct and oppositional disorders (RR = 4.0; 95% CI 3.5–4.5), autism spectrum disorders (RR = 3.9; 95% CI 3.3–4.6), other emotional and social interaction disorders (RR = 2.7; 95% CI 2.4–3.1), learning and coordination disorders (RR = 2.6; 95% CI 2.4–2.8), and intellectual disability (RR = 2.4; 95% CI 2.0–2.8). Also, bipolar disorder, unipolar mood disorders, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, other neurotic and personality disorders, substance abuse disorders, and anxiety disorders occurred at increased frequency among the siblings of cases.ConclusionsThe results offer potential utility for early identification of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders in at-risk siblings of ADHD probands and also argue for more studies on common etiologies.

762 Burn Mechanisms in Pediatric Patients with Autism Spectrum Disorders and Attention Deficit/hyperactivity Disorder: A Multisite Retrospective Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S214-S215
Author(s):  
Elena Maria S Munoz ◽  
Farzin Sadeq ◽  
Atilla Ceranoglu ◽  
Robert Sheridan
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Burn Patients ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

Abstract Introduction Although autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have been associated with higher risk of specific types of burns, mechanisms and circumstances of injury should be investigated for prevention and education. Methods A multisite retrospective review of 841 patients treated at pediatric burns hospitals assessed a subsample of Burn Outcomes Questionnaire (BOQ) data collected from years 2001 to 2010. Demographic and clinical characteristics of burn injury were compared. The current study evaluates burn mechanisms and patients diagnosed with ASD/ADHD as indicated in the co-morbid conditions field of the BOQ through logistic regression analyses. Results Of the 841 patients who completed the BOQ, there were 227 patients with diagnoses of ASD/ADHD. Age is not statistically significant when considering burn injury due to Play, which includes match play, fire play, and similar behaviors (P=0.36). However, patients with ASD/ADHD were older than the reference group (10.2 years, 8.32 years, P< .0001) and the same pattern is observed when considering burn injury due to Self-Infliction (10.7 years, 8.04 years, P< .001), Play (10.7 years, 8.27 years, P< .01), and Self-Infliction Not Play (10.7 years, 4.40 years, P=.03). Pediatric burn patients with ASD/ADHD are 1.80 times as likely to have sustained burn injury due to Play than the reference group and have 2 times the odds (odds ratio [OR]: 2, [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.32, 3.03], P< .001). Additionally, pediatric patients with ASD/ADHD are 4.06 times as likely to have sustained burn injury due to Self-Infliction Not Play and have 4.18 times the odds (OR: 4.18, 95% CI (1.47,11.89), P< .01). Conclusions The research suggests that pediatric burn patients with ASD/ADHD are more likely to sustain burn injury through Play and other methods of Self-Infliction. Pediatric patients with ASD/ADHD are older than the reference group. Difference in age is partly due to older patients who sustained burn injury secondary to seizure. Though more research is needed for burn circumstances, these secondary injuries mostly present as contact and scald burns occurring in outdoor settings or kitchens. Patients without ASD/ADHD and burn injury due to Self-Infliction Not Play were predominantly toddler and preschool aged, and presented with scald and contact burns related to bathing and feeding. Applicability of Research to Practice Further research is needed to better understand ASD/ADHD and burns, with particular emphasis on differentiating the 2 diagnoses and burn circumstances. Patients with ASD/ADHD and caregivers may benefit from research in burn injury risk for prevention and counseling.

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