Applying Security to a Big Stream Cloud Architecture for the Internet of Things

2020 ◽  
pp. 1260-1284
Author(s):  
Laura Belli ◽  
Simone Cirani ◽  
Luca Davoli ◽  
Gianluigi Ferrari ◽  
Lorenzo Melegari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Large Data ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Low Latency ◽  
Stream Data ◽  
Memory Processing ◽  
Cloud Architecture ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The Internet of Things (IoT) is expected to interconnect billions (around 50 by 2020) of heterogeneous sensor/actuator-equipped devices denoted as “Smart Objects” (SOs), characterized by constrained resources in terms of memory, processing, and communication reliability. Several IoT applications have real-time and low-latency requirements and must rely on architectures specifically designed to manage gigantic streams of information (in terms of number of data sources and transmission data rate). We refer to “Big Stream” as the paradigm which best fits the selected IoT scenario, in contrast to the traditional “Big Data” concept, which does not consider real-time constraints. Moreover, there are many security concerns related to IoT devices and to the Cloud. In this paper, we analyze security aspects in a novel Cloud architecture for Big Stream applications, which efficiently handles Big Stream data through a Graph-based platform and delivers processed data to consumers, with low latency. The authors detail each module defined in the system architecture, describing all refinements required to make the platform able to secure large data streams. An experimentation is also conducted in order to evaluate the performance of the proposed architecture when integrating security mechanisms.

Applying Security to a Big Stream Cloud Architecture for the Internet of Things

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Belli ◽  
Simone Cirani ◽  
Luca Davoli ◽  
Gianluigi Ferrari ◽  
Lorenzo Melegari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Large Data ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Low Latency ◽  
Stream Data ◽  
Memory Processing ◽  
Cloud Architecture ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The Internet of Things (IoT) is expected to interconnect billions (around 50 by 2020) of heterogeneous sensor/actuator-equipped devices denoted as “Smart Objects” (SOs), characterized by constrained resources in terms of memory, processing, and communication reliability. Several IoT applications have real-time and low-latency requirements and must rely on architectures specifically designed to manage gigantic streams of information (in terms of number of data sources and transmission data rate). We refer to “Big Stream” as the paradigm which best fits the selected IoT scenario, in contrast to the traditional “Big Data” concept, which does not consider real-time constraints. Moreover, there are many security concerns related to IoT devices and to the Cloud. In this paper, we analyze security aspects in a novel Cloud architecture for Big Stream applications, which efficiently handles Big Stream data through a Graph-based platform and delivers processed data to consumers, with low latency. The authors detail each module defined in the system architecture, describing all refinements required to make the platform able to secure large data streams. An experimentation is also conducted in order to evaluate the performance of the proposed architecture when integrating security mechanisms.

Enhancing Security in a Big Stream Cloud Architecture for the Internet of Things Through Blockchain

2019 ◽  
pp. 104-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Davoli ◽  
Laura Belli ◽  
Gianluigi Ferrari
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Low Latency ◽  
Stream Data ◽  
Smart Agriculture ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
Generation Technology

The Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm is foreseeing the development of our environment towards new enriched spaces in most areas of modern living, such as digital health, smart cities, and smart agriculture. Several IoT applications also have real-time and low-latency requirements and must rely on specific architectures. The authors refer to the paradigm that best fits the selected IoT scenario as “Big Stream” because it considers real-time constraints. Moreover, the blockchain concept has drawn attention as the next-generation technology through the authentication of peers that share encryption and the generation of hash values. In addition, the blockchain can be applied in conjunction with Cloud Computing and the IoT paradigms, since it avoids the involvement of third parties in a broker-free way. In this chapter, an analysis on mechanisms that can be adopted to secure Big Stream data in a graph-based platform, thus delivering them to consumers in an efficient and secure way, and with low latency, is shown, describing all refinements required employing federation-based and blockchain paradigms.

Enhancing Security in a Big Stream Cloud Architecture for the Internet of Things Through Blockchain

2021 ◽  
pp. 1231-1252
Author(s):  
Luca Davoli ◽  
Laura Belli ◽  
Gianluigi Ferrari
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Low Latency ◽  
Stream Data ◽  
Smart Agriculture ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
Generation Technology

The Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm is foreseeing the development of our environment towards new enriched spaces in most areas of modern living, such as digital health, smart cities, and smart agriculture. Several IoT applications also have real-time and low-latency requirements and must rely on specific architectures. The authors refer to the paradigm that best fits the selected IoT scenario as “Big Stream” because it considers real-time constraints. Moreover, the blockchain concept has drawn attention as the next-generation technology through the authentication of peers that share encryption and the generation of hash values. In addition, the blockchain can be applied in conjunction with Cloud Computing and the IoT paradigms, since it avoids the involvement of third parties in a broker-free way. In this chapter, an analysis on mechanisms that can be adopted to secure Big Stream data in a graph-based platform, thus delivering them to consumers in an efficient and secure way, and with low latency, is shown, describing all refinements required employing federation-based and blockchain paradigms.

A Scalable Big Stream Cloud Architecture for the Internet of Things

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 26-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Belli ◽  
Simone Cirani ◽  
Luca Davoli ◽  
Gianluigi Ferrari ◽  
Lorenzo Melegari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Low Latency ◽  
Smart Objects ◽  
Heterogeneous Devices ◽  
Cloud Architecture ◽  
Iot Applications ◽  
Processing Platform ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
Constrained Devices

The Internet of Things (IoT) will consist of billions (50 billions by 2020) of interconnected heterogeneous devices denoted as “Smart Objects:” tiny, constrained devices which are going to be pervasively deployed in several contexts. To meet low-latency requirements, IoT applications must rely on specific architectures designed to handle the gigantic stream of data coming from Smart Objects. This paper propose a novel Cloud architecture for Big Stream applications that can efficiently handle data coming from Smart Objects through a Graph-based processing platform and deliver processed data to consumer applications with low latency. The authors reverse the traditional “Big Data” paradigm, where real-time constraints are not considered, and introduce the new “Big Stream” paradigm, which better fits IoT scenarios. The paper provides a performance evaluation of a practical open-source implementation of the proposed architecture. Other practical aspects, such as security considerations, and possible business oriented exploitation plans are presented.

scholarly journals Matching IoT Devices to the Fog Service Providers: A Mechanism Design Perspective

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (23) ◽  
pp. 6761
Author(s):  
Anjan Bandyopadhyay ◽  
Vikash Kumar Singh ◽  
Sajal Mukhopadhyay ◽  
Ujjwal Rai ◽  
Fatos Xhafa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Mechanism Design ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Preference Ordering ◽  
Cloud Architecture ◽  
Game Theoretic ◽  
Design Perspective ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
The Internet Of Things

In the Internet of Things (IoT) + Fog + Cloud architecture, with the unprecedented growth of IoT devices, one of the challenging issues that needs to be tackled is to allocate Fog service providers (FSPs) to IoT devices, especially in a game-theoretic environment. Here, the issue of allocation of FSPs to the IoT devices is sifted with game-theoretic idea so that utility maximizing agents may be benign. In this scenario, we have multiple IoT devices and multiple FSPs, and the IoT devices give preference ordering over the subset of FSPs. Given such a scenario, the goal is to allocate at most one FSP to each of the IoT devices. We propose mechanisms based on the theory of mechanism design without money to allocate FSPs to the IoT devices. The proposed mechanisms have been designed in a flexible manner to address the long and short duration access of the FSPs to the IoT devices. For analytical results, we have proved the economic robustness, and probabilistic analyses have been carried out for allocation of IoT devices to the FSPs. In simulation, mechanism efficiency is laid out under different scenarios with an implementation in Python.

The Study on the Methodology of Transactionevent in the Ale of Rfid Networks

2014 ◽  
Vol 556-562 ◽  
pp. 5321-5327
Author(s):  
Hui Qun Zhao ◽  
Hai Gang Yang
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Large Data ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Prototype System ◽  
Processing Efficiency ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Rfid Networks ◽  
Integrated Program ◽  
The Internet Of Things

TransactionEvent is one of the five events defined in EPCGlobal standard. As TransactionEvent lasts for a long period and processes large data, it has a higher demand of real-time. The process of the TransactionEvent in the Internet of Things is complex. In order to overcome these disadvantages, this paper proposes a non-integrated program. This program will ensure the TransactionEvent processing efficiency, reliability and real time. In the end of this paper, the article will implement a prototype system of a commercial IoT to verify this method.

scholarly journals Privacy Enhancing Techniques in the Internet of Things Using Data Anonymisation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang Ren ◽  
Xin Tong ◽  
Jing Du ◽  
Na Wang ◽  
Shancang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Continuous Data ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Stream Data ◽  
Data Types ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Media Data ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
Privacy Enhancing Techniques

AbstractThe Internet of Things (IoT) and Industrial 4.0 bring enormous potential benefits by enabling highly customised services and applications, which create huge volume and variety of data. However, preserving the privacy in IoT and Industrial 4.0 against re-identification attacks is very challenging. In this work, we considered three main data types generated in IoT: context data, continuous data, and media data. We first proposed a stream data anonymisation method based on k-anonymity for data collected by IoT devices; and then privacy enhancing techniques for both continuous data and media data were proposed for different IoT scenarios. The experiment results show that the proposed techniques can well preserve privacy without significantly affecting the utility of the data.

A Scalable Big Stream Cloud Architecture for the Internet of Things

Fog Computing ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 25-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Belli ◽  
Simone Cirani ◽  
Luca Davoli ◽  
Gianluigi Ferrari ◽  
Lorenzo Melegari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Time Constraints ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Low Latency ◽  
Smart Objects ◽  
Heterogeneous Devices ◽  
Cloud Architecture ◽  
Iot Applications ◽  
Processing Platform ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The Internet of Things (IoT) will consist of billions (50 billions by 2020) of interconnected heterogeneous devices denoted as “Smart Objects:” tiny, constrained devices which are going to be pervasively deployed in several contexts. To meet low-latency requirements, IoT applications must rely on specific architectures designed to handle the gigantic stream of data coming from Smart Objects. This paper propose a novel Cloud architecture for Big Stream applications that can efficiently handle data coming from Smart Objects through a Graph-based processing platform and deliver processed data to consumer applications with low latency. The authors reverse the traditional “Big Data” paradigm, where real-time constraints are not considered, and introduce the new “Big Stream” paradigm, which better fits IoT scenarios. The paper provides a performance evaluation of a practical open-source implementation of the proposed architecture. Other practical aspects, such as security considerations, and possible business oriented exploitation plans are presented.

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