Dependability and Fault-Tolerance

Author(s):  
Vincenzo De Florio

The general objective of this chapter is to introduce the basic concepts and terminology of the domain of dependability. Concepts such as reliability, safety, or security, have been used inconsistently by different communities of researchers: The realtime system community, the secure computing community, and so forth, each had its own “lingo” and was referring to concepts such as faults, errors, and failures without the required formal foundation. This changed in the early 1990s, when Jean-Claude Laprie finally introduced a tentative model for dependable computing. To date, the Laprie model of dependability is the most widespread and accepted formal definition for the terms that play a key role in this book. As a consequence, the rest of this chapter introduces that model.

Author(s):  
Sejal Atit Bhavsar ◽  
Kirit J Modi

Fog computing is a paradigm that extends cloud computing services to the edge of the network. Fog computing provides data, storage, compute and application services to end users. The distinguishing characteristics of fog computing are its proximity to the end users. The application services are hosted on network edges like on routers, switches, etc. The goal of fog computing is to improve the efficiency and reduce the amount of data that needs to be transported to cloud for analysis, processing and storage. Due to heterogeneous characteristics of fog computing, there are some issues, i.e. security, fault tolerance, resource scheduling and allocation. To better understand fault tolerance, we highlighted the basic concepts of fault tolerance by understanding different fault tolerance techniques i.e. Reactive, Proactive and the hybrid. In addition to the fault tolerance, how to balance resource utilization and security in fog computing are also discussed here. Furthermore, to overcome platform level issues of fog computing, Hybrid fault tolerance model using resource management and security is presented by us.


Author(s):  
Sejal Atit Bhavsar ◽  
Kirit J Modi

Fog computing is a paradigm that extends cloud computing services to the edge of the network. Fog computing provides data, storage, compute and application services to end users. The distinguishing characteristics of fog computing are its proximity to the end users. The application services are hosted on network edges like on routers, switches, etc. The goal of fog computing is to improve the efficiency and reduce the amount of data that needs to be transported to cloud for analysis, processing and storage. Due to heterogeneous characteristics of fog computing, there are some issues, i.e. security, fault tolerance, resource scheduling and allocation. To better understand fault tolerance, we highlighted the basic concepts of fault tolerance by understanding different fault tolerance techniques i.e. Reactive, Proactive and the hybrid. In addition to the fault tolerance, how to balance resource utilization and security in fog computing are also discussed here. Furthermore, to overcome platform level issues of fog computing, Hybrid fault tolerance model using resource management and security is presented by us.


2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Avizienis ◽  
J.-C. Laprie ◽  
B. Randell ◽  
C. Landwehr

1977 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
Gerald E. Chappell

Test-teach questioning is a strategy that can be used to help children develop basic concepts. It fosters the use of multisensory exploration and discovery in learning which leads to the development of cognitive-linguistic skills. This article outlines some of the theoretical bases for this approach and indicates possibilities for their applications in child-clinician transactions.


1988 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 137-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amelia Ouellette ◽  
Robert Casteel
Keyword(s):  

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