Dipositronium and other Two-Positronium Compounds

2008 ◽  
Vol 607 ◽  
pp. 25-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Schrader

Dipositronium, Ps2, was recently prepared [1]. This is significant because: • It is the first laboratory observation of a molecule that contains more than one positron; • It is the most symmetrical molecule possible; • It is the most non-rigid (floppiest) molecule possible; • The interval between the theoretical establishment of its existence [2] and its laboratory observation [1] is inordinately long – 60 years; and • An extension of the technology developed for the Ps2 observation may soon lead to an observation of the Bose-Einstein condensation of positronium and the development of a gamma ray laser. We briefly discuss the symmetry of Ps2 and how an understanding of it will underlie its characterization in the future. Ps2O and CPs2 might be the next two-positron compounds to be prepared and characterized in the laboratory. A discussion of the contrasting eigenstates of these two molecules is given. An understanding of these states is required in order to identify them.

1986 ◽  
Vol 4 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 577-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Loeb ◽  
S. Eliezer

In this paper we propose the coherent amplification of gamma radiation of a system of parapositronium atoms. The nonlinear optics of positronium media is suggested. The induced annihilation transitions for the electron-positron plasma are compared with those of the positronium medium. It is suggested in this paper that the Bose–Einstein condensation could play a crucial role in the estimation of the induced annihilation of electron-positron pairs for dense (n ≳ 1016cm−3) and cold (T ≲ 104 °K) positronium systems. The calculated effects of the induced positron-electron decays might be observed in astrophysical objects such as pulsars, white dwarf stars etc. Furthermore, these transitions might play an important role in Klein–Alfven cosmology. Finally, with the further advancement of the positron technology, a gamma ray laser may be constructed.


Author(s):  
Klaus Morawetz

The Bose–Einstein condensation and appearance of superfluidity and superconductivity are introduced from basic phenomena. A systematic theory based on the asymmetric expansion of chapter 11 is shown to correct the T-matrix from unphysical multiple-scattering events. The resulting generalised Soven scheme provides the Beliaev equations for Boson’s and the Nambu–Gorkov equations for fermions without the usage of anomalous and non-conserving propagators. This systematic theory allows calculating the fluctuations above and below the critical parameters. Gap equations and Bogoliubov–DeGennes equations are derived from this theory. Interacting Bose systems with finite temperatures are discussed with successively better approximations ranging from Bogoliubov and Popov up to corrected T-matrices. For superconductivity, the asymmetric theory leading to the corrected T-matrix allows for establishing the stability of the condensate and decides correctly about the pair-breaking mechanisms in contrast to conventional approaches. The relation between the correlated density from nonlocal kinetic theory and the density of Cooper pairs is shown.


2003 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. S119-S123 ◽  
Author(s):  
T G Tiecke ◽  
M Kemmann ◽  
Ch Buggle ◽  
I Shvarchuck ◽  
W von Klitzing ◽  
...  

1998 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. R4114-R4117 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Han ◽  
R. H. Wynar ◽  
Ph. Courteille ◽  
D. J. Heinzen

Nature ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 432 (7018) ◽  
pp. 691-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Eisenstein ◽  
A. H. MacDonald

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