Regional review on status and trends in aquaculture development in North America – 2020

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Dahlqvist ◽  
Stig M. Bergström

ABSTRACTThe Late Ordovician–Early Silurian succession in Jämtland includes the marine Kogsta Siltstone, which is unconformably overlain by the shallow-water Ede Quartzite that grades into the open-marine Berge Limestone. A Hirnantia shelly fauna dates the uppermost Kogsta Siltstone as Hirnantian, and shelly fossils indicate an Aeronian age for the Berge Limestone. Biostratigraphically highly diagnostic conodonts of the early-middle Aeronian Pranognathus tenuis Zone provide the first firm date of the Upper Ede Quartzite and the lowermost Berge Limestone. The Lower Ede Quartzite has not yielded fossils, but sedimentological data suggest it to be of Hirnantian age and reflect the glacio-eustatic low-stand. The contact between the Lower and Upper Ede Quartzite, here taken to be the Ordovician–Silurian boundary, appears to be an unconformity associated with a stratigraphic gap that at least includes the Rhuddanian Stage. The biostratigraphically important conodonts Pranognathus tenuis, Kockelella? manitoulinensis, and Pranognathus siluricus are recorded from Sweden for the first time, and these and other conodonts are used for correlations with coeval units in Europe and North America. In a regional review of Aeronian conodont faunas, three intergrading, apparently depth-related, conodont biofacies are recognised, the Jämtland conodonts representing the one characteristic of the shallowest water.


ABSTRACT Status and trends in the abundance of populations of federally endangered Oregon chub <em>Oregonichthys</em> <em>crameri</em>, small floodplain minnows endemic to the Willamette Valley of western Oregon, were investigated by estimating fish abundance and from extensive fish surveys of 650 off-channel habitats from 1991 through 2004. The recent discovery of previously unknown populations of Oregon chub, some occurring in subbasins where they were presumed extinct, combined with successful reintroductions into suitable habitats have resulted in the improved status of this species. In 1991, eight populations of Oregon chub were known to exist. In 2004, we identified 33 populations of Oregon chub in the Willamette River basin. Ten of these populations, including the two most abundant populations, were introduced. The status of Oregon chub is approaching the recovery plan goal for downlisting the species to threatened. Nonnative fishes, which were found to be widespread in off-channel habitats preferred by Oregon chub, are the largest threat to full recovery and delisting of this species.


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