scholarly journals Pulmonary venous abnormalities encountered on pre-radiofrequency ablation mapping multidetector computed tomography

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Cronin ◽  
Aine M. Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Radiofrequency Ablation ◽  
Multidetector Computed Tomography ◽  
Venous Return ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Lower Lobe ◽  
Common Trunk ◽  
Ecg Gating ◽  
Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return ◽  
The Right

Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) elegantly renders pulmonary venous anatomy. With increasing numbers of radiofrequency ablation procedures being performed, there is now a greater emphasis on pre-procedure imaging to delineate this anatomy. Pulmonary venous mapping studies can be performed with or without ECG-gating. However, ECG-gating improves both the quality of 3D images and the accuracy of pulmonary vein (PV) ostial diameter measurements. Including the superior thorax, and not just the left atrium and central PVs, allows visualization of aberrant pulmonary venous drainage to the brachiocephalic veins or superior vena cava. Normally, there are two superior PVs, one right and one left, and two inferior PVs, one right and one left. The right superior vein usually drains the right upper and middle lobe. The left superior vein drains the left upper lobe including the lingula. The inferior veins drain their respective lower lobe. PV anatomy is more variable than pulmonary arterial anatomy, and developmental anomalies are common. This article describes, illustrates and reviews the common anomalies of the PVs in our experience performing over 1000-pre-radiofrequency ablation cardiac MDCT studies. The commonest anomalies are supernumerary or accessory veins (on the right) and a (left) common trunk. More rarely, partial anomalous pulmonary venous return and Cor triatriatum are seen, and rarest of all is total anomalous pulmonary venous return, PV varix and single or multiple vein stenosis or atresia.

Abnormalities of Pulmonary Venous Return

Chest Imaging ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 533-537
Author(s):  
Kristopher W. Cummings
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Septal Defect ◽  
Septal Defect ◽  
Venous Return ◽  
Pulmonary Veins ◽  
Lower Lobe ◽  
Scimitar Syndrome ◽  
Systemic Vein ◽  
Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return ◽  
The Right

Abnormalities of pulmonary venous return in adults result from anomalous drainage of one or more pulmonary veins into a systemic vein, resulting in a left-to-right shunt. Partial anomalous pulmonary venous return (PAPVR) is most commonly encountered in adults in the upper lobes. PAPVR in the right upper lobe is commonly associated with a sinus venous atrial septal defect, whereas in the right lower lobe it is commonly encountered in association with other anomalies in Scimitar syndrome. Left upper lobe PAPVR is usually isolated. In some instances, patients can develop pulmonary over-circulation and hypertension, necessitating intervention. This chapter emphasizes CT and MR features key to recognizing and diagnosing these anomalies.

scholarly journals Asymptomatic Post-Traumatic Rupture of the Right Diaphragm Dome

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 102-109
Author(s):  
E. A. Losik ◽  
M. V. Fadeeva ◽  
V. V. Shchegelsky ◽  
R. T. Rzaev ◽  
A. V. Stepanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Chest Radiograph ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Lower Lobe ◽  
Expectant Management ◽  
Traumatic Rupture ◽  
Thoracic Cavity ◽  
High Position ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right

Aim.  This paper is aimed at presenting the materials of clinical observations associated with diagnosing rare-occurring ruptures of the right dome of the diaphragm that have been overlooked for a long period.Results.  A 61-year-old man was admitted to hospital with a diagnosis of chronic heart failure. Chest radiograph revealed a high position of the right dome of the diaphragm. Computed tomography revealed a defect in the central parts of the diaphragm on the right, the liver was rotated outward with its visceral surface deployed anteriorly and upward. In the right thoracic cavity, anterior to the liver, were the loops of the intestine and the outlet of the stomach.More than 30 years before, the patient had experienced an explosive trauma, which might have caused a rupture in the right dome of the diaphragm. A 70-year-old man, a smoker with a ten-year history of hypertension, was hospitalized with an increase in dyspnea, a cough with the discharge of purulent sputum, the feeling of heaviness behind the sternum. Chest radiograph revealed a high standing of the right dome of the diaphragm at the level of 3rd rib with a decrease in the volume of the right lung, and an increase in cardiac silhouette (cardiothoracic index 0.64). Computed tomography revealed a high standing of the right dome of the diaphragm as well as the compression of the middle and lower lobe of the right lung with the presence of compression atelectasis. The liver was rotated, displaced into the right thoracic cavity, the deformation of the inferior vena cava to the right was visualized due to the displacement and rotation of the liver. The consolidated fractures of 10th–12th ribs on the right were visualized. The patient had had a chest injury resulting from a traffic accident about 15 years before, with no X-ray examination having been conducted at that time.Conclusion.  In the case of left-sided diaphragm ruptures, which are much more frequent than the right-sided ones, the stomach, large and small intestines as well as spleen are displaced into the thoracic cavity. In the case of rightsided diaphragm ruptures, the liver and gallbladder are displaced into the thoracic cavity. Right-sided posttraumatic diaphragmatic hernias that are not diagnosed at the time of injury or trauma and continue to be asymptomatic for a number of years are very rare. The sensitivity and specificity of computed tomography for the diagnosis of diaphragm ruptures is 61–87 % and 72–100 %, respectively. In an acute period, the treatment of diaphragm ruptures is surgical. However, in long-term asymptomatic ruptures, expectant management is possible, particularly if the risk of surgical treatment is high. 

scholarly journals Right Upper Lobe Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christos Tourmousoglou ◽  
Christina Kalogeropoulou ◽  
Efstratios Koletsis ◽  
Nikolaos Charoulis ◽  
Christos Prokakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Right Atrium ◽  
Venous Return ◽  
Superior Vena ◽  
Pulmonary Veins ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Systemic Vein ◽  
Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return ◽  
The Right ◽  
Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection

Partial anomalous pulmonary venous return (PAPVR) is a left-to-right shunt where one or more, but not all, pulmonary veins drain into a systemic vein or the right atrium. We report a case of a 45-year-old male with PAPVR to superior vena cava which was incidentally discovered during a right lower bilobectomy for lung cancer.

scholarly journals Planning of the Autotransplantation of the Liver to the Patients with Advanced Alveococosis Based on the Multidetector Computed Tomography

2017 ◽  
pp. 123-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Bashkov ◽  
S. E. Voskanyan ◽  
Z. V. Sheykh ◽  
G. G. Karmazanovsky ◽  
A. P. Dunaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Inferior Vena Cava ◽  
Multidetector Computed Tomography ◽  
Inferior Vena ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Hepatic Veins ◽  
Portal Veins ◽  
Scan Data ◽  
The Right

Aim: to analize computed tomography data while planning autotransplantation of the liver for advanced alveococcosis.Materials and Methods.A retrospective analysis of the results of multidetector computed tomography of the abdomen and retroperitoneal space of 7 patients with advanced liver alveococcosis was made in order to plan autotransplantation. Besides a description of the location and size of parasitic lesion for each patient relationship with main vessels was evaluated - the inferior vena cava, hepatic and portal veins, hepatic arteries, and the presence of extrahepatic component. The vessel assessed as involved in the pathological process not only in case of clear invasion, but also with abutment because of infiltrative growth of alveococcus. The accuracy of the method was estimated by comparison with the intraoperative data.Results.The data of computed tomography while the planning of liver autotransplantation coincided with the intraoperative data in all examined patients. The main criteria indicating the need for this type of surgical intervention was the involvement of the retrohepatic part of the inferior vena cava to the caval gates inclusive and/or hepatic veins. With extrahepatic spread of parasitic masses it is possible to affect not only the surrounding organs, but also the main vessels, for example, with growth in the hepatic-duodenal ligament. Thus, in one patient during the operation, the occlusion of artery hepatica propria was confirmed. In two cases of recurrence of the parasitic process after rightsided hemihepatectomy, the almost identical pattern of involvement of the liver resection surface, inferior cava and portal veins, diaphragm, adrenal gland in combination with a extent adhesive process in the right subdiaphragmal space.Conclusions.CT scan data allowed to correctly plan the volume of operative intervention – autotransplantation of the liver – in all the examined patients. It is of interest to evaluate the accuracy of the method on a larger group of patients.

Single-Patch Fold-Back Technique for Augmentation of the Superior Vena Cava in Sinus Venosus Atrial Septal Defect Associated with Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 282
Author(s):  
Suguru Ohira ◽  
Kiyoshi Doi ◽  
Takeshi Nakamura ◽  
Hitoshi Yaku
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Septal Defect ◽  
Superior Vena Cava ◽  
Septal Defect ◽  
Venous Return ◽  
Superior Vena ◽  
Pulmonary Veins ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Sinus Venosus ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return

Sinus venosus atrial septal defect (ASD) is usually associated with partial anomalous pulmonary venous return (PAPVR) of the right pulmonary veins to the superior vena cava (SVC), or to the SVC-right atrial junction. Standard procedure for repair of this defect is a patch roofing of the sinus venosus ASD and rerouting of pulmonary veins. However, the presence of SVC stenosis is a complication of this technique, and SVC augmentation is necessary in some cases. We present a simple technique for concomitant closure of sinus venosus ASD associated with PAPVR and augmentation of the SVC with a single autologous pericardial patch.

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