scholarly journals Diffusion tensor tractography characteristics of axonal injury in concussion/mild traumatic brain injury

2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 978
Author(s):  
YouSung Seo ◽  
SungHo Jang
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Axonal Injury ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Tractography

scholarly journals Diffusion Tensor Imaging of the Evolving Response to Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 117906951985862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wouter S Hoogenboom ◽  
Todd G Rubin ◽  
Kenny Ye ◽  
Min-Hui Cui ◽  
Kelsey C Branch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Axonal Injury ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Post Injury

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), also known as concussion, is a serious public health challenge. Although most patients recover, a substantial minority suffers chronic disability. The mechanisms underlying mTBI-related detrimental effects remain poorly understood. Although animal models contribute valuable preclinical information and improve our understanding of the underlying mechanisms following mTBI, only few studies have used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to study the evolution of axonal injury following mTBI in rodents. It is known that DTI shows changes after human concussion and the role of delineating imaging findings in animals is therefore to facilitate understanding of related mechanisms. In this work, we used a rodent model of mTBI to investigate longitudinal indices of axonal injury. We present the results of 45 animals that received magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at multiple time points over a 2-week period following concussive or sham injury yielding 109 serial observations. Overall, the evolution of DTI metrics following concussive or sham injury differed by group. Diffusion tensor imaging changes within the white matter were most noticeable 1 week following injury and returned to baseline values after 2 weeks. More specifically, we observed increased fractional anisotropy in combination with decreased radial diffusivity and mean diffusivity, in the absence of changes in axial diffusivity, within the white matter of the genu corpus callosum at 1 week post-injury. Our study shows that DTI can detect microstructural white matter changes in the absence of gross abnormalities as indicated by visual screening of anatomical MRI and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained sections in a clinically relevant animal model of mTBI. Whereas additional histopathologic characterization is required to better understand the neurobiological correlates of DTI measures, our findings highlight the evolving nature of the brain’s response to injury following concussion.

scholarly journals Diagnosis of Conversion Disorder Using Diffusion Tensor Tractography and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in a Patient with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Diagnostics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung Ho Jang ◽  
You Sung Seo
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Premotor Cortex ◽  
Conversion Disorder ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Tractography ◽  
Severe Weakness

We report on a patient with mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) who was diagnosed with conversion disorder for severe weakness of an arm, which was demonstrated using diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). A 23-year-old right-handed female suffered from head trauma resulting from a pedestrian car accident. She underwent rehabilitative management for memory impairment and central pain. At 14 months after onset, she complained of severe weakness of her right arm, which was detected in the morning after sleeping (right shoulder abductor: 3/5, elbow flexor: 3/5, wrist extensor: 1/5, finger flexor: 1/5, and finger extensor: 1/5). Electromyography study for peripheral neuropathy performed at 2 weeks after onset of weakness showed no abnormality. On a 14-month DTT configuration, the integrities of the left corticospinal tract (CST), supplementary motor area-corticofugal tract (SMA-CFT), and dorsal premotor cortex (dPMC)-CFT were well-preserved. Significant differences were not observed for the fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), and tract volume (TV) values of the CST, SMA-CFT, and dPMC-CFT in both hemispheres between the patient and ten right-handed age- and sex-matched normal subjects (p > 0.05). On a 14-month TMS study, MEPs obtained at the right abductor pollicis brevis muscle showed no abnormality. Using DTT and TMS, conversion disorder was demonstrated in a patient with mild TBI, who showed severe weakness of an arm. Our results suggest the usefulness of an evaluation of the CST and CFTs from the secondary motor areas using DTT, and the CST using TMS for patients who complain of motor weakness due to conversion disorder.

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