4. The Vanishing American Wage Earner

AbstractAt the end of 1983, after a long and bitter political struggle, the Swedes adopted a system of wage earner funds. The five regionally-based funds are directed by boards dominated by employees. Using funds transferred to them by government, they invest in Swedish companies, primarily by buying shares on the stock market. The fund scheme will enable employees collectively to own about 10 per cent of Swedish business by 1990. They could control far more. Only experience can determine the impact of this new form of social ownership. But possibly the Swedes have found a socially and democratically appealing means of retaining the advantages of a market system while integrating social and economic forces.

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Understanding Your Child From Birth To Three: A Guide To Your Child's Psychological Development, by Joseph Church. New York: Random House, 1973, 267 pp., $6.95

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.52.5.765 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 52 (5) ◽

pp. 765-766

Author(s):

Mary Howell

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

Young People ◽

Maximum Stress ◽

Family System ◽

Psychological Development ◽

Science Literature ◽

Wage Earner ◽

Growing Body ◽

Social Science Literature ◽

To Come

More than 60% of the marriages contracted in the current year are expected to come to divorce or separation. Not only marriage but also parenthood is in a state of uncertainty; many young people are looking at the families they have known and wondering if the rewards of being parents outweigh the distress they believe they see. There is a growing body of social science literature that points to the isolated mother-father-child family–expecting to meet all of their needs behind the closed doors of their homes, and with responsibilities sharply divided between wage earner and housekeeper–as a family system that puts maximum stress on minimum strength.

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Chapter XIII Wage Earner Plans: An Analysis of Their Effectiveness

American Business Law Journal ◽

10.1111/j.1744-1714.1977.tb01443.x ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 293-304

Author(s):

DONALD L. BOREN ◽

AUGUST RALSTON

Keyword(s):

Wage Earner

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Differentiating between the Living Standards of Husbands and Wives in Two-Wage-Earner Families, 1968 and 1979

The Journal of Economic History ◽

10.1017/s0022050700029211 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 43 (1) ◽

pp. 231-240 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Roberta M. Spalter-Roth

Keyword(s):

Panel Study ◽

Living Standards ◽

Wage Earner ◽

Income Dynamics ◽

Feminist Analysis

This paper applies a feminist analysis to the measurement of living standards during the 1970s. It suggests that widely made assumptions of homogeneous pooling and redistribution of income, labor, and expenditures within families mask inequalities and uneven changes in the living standards of wage-working husbands and wives. Two waves of the Panel Study of Income dynamics are used to create two rough indicators, that is, reproduction pay and surplus, to test for inequalities and uneven changes in 1968 and again in 1979. In general, the findings show differential living standards between husbands and wives when assumptions of homogeneous pooling and redistribution are not made. The paper concludes that the suggested rough indicators are useful for the measurement of living standards.

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