Magnetic Resonance Imaging Fusion of Cranial Nerves Impaired by Skull Base Tumors: A Technical Development

AbstractThe hypoglossal nerve is an underrated nerve usually consigned to a few words in anatomical text books, under the last four cranial nerves. However, paralysis of this nerve may be the first indication of a serious underlying disorder. Excluding previous surgery, radiotherapy and trauma, 50 per cent of cases of isolated hypoglossal nerve palsy are idiopathic. A further 20 per cent are malignant, 20 per cent are vascular and 10 per cent are due to miscellaneous causes. Presentation of an isolated hypoglossal nerve palsy is therefore an ominous sign. There is confusion over both cause and investigation, and management protocols for isolated hypoglossal nerve palsy are ill-defined. We present a case of isolated hypoglossal palsy which was due to a metastatic skull base deposit. This case illustrates the fact that magnetic resonance imaging is the investigation of choice in assessing the entire course of the hypoglossal nerve.

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Three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging in skull base lesions

American Journal of Otolaryngology ◽

10.1016/0196-0709(91)90143-4 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 139-145 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

G. Grevers ◽

J. Assal ◽

T. Vogl ◽

C. Wilimzig

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Skull Base ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Skull Base Lesions

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Normal Anatomy of Cranial Nerves III–XII on Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology ◽

10.3348/jksr.2020.81.3.501 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 81 (3) ◽

pp. 501

Author(s):

Hyung-Jin Kim ◽

Minjung Seong ◽

Yikyung Kim

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Cranial Nerves ◽

Normal Anatomy ◽

Resonance Imaging

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Bilateral facial nerve involvement in a patient with Tolosa–Hunt syndrome

The Neuroradiology Journal ◽

10.1177/1971400920939293 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 33 (5) ◽

pp. 424-427

Author(s):

Ajay A Madhavan ◽

David R DeLone ◽

Jared T Verdoorn

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Facial Nerve ◽

Nerve Palsy ◽

Facial Nerve Palsy ◽

Cranial Nerves ◽

Corticosteroid Treatment ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Hunt Syndrome ◽

Facial Nerves

Tolosa–Hunt syndrome is characterized by unilateral retro-orbital headaches and cranial nerve palsies, usually involving cranial nerves III–VI. It is rare for other cranial nerves to be involved, although this has previously been reported. We report a 19-year-old woman presenting with typical features of Tolosa–Hunt syndrome but ultimately developing bilateral facial nerve palsies and enhancement of both facial nerves on magnetic resonance imaging. The patient presented with unilateral retro-orbital headaches and palsies of cranial nerves III–VI. She was diagnosed with Tolosa–Hunt syndrome but was non-compliant with her corticosteroid treatment due to side effects. She returned with progressive left followed by right facial nerve palsy. Her corresponding follow-up magnetic resonance imaging scans showed sequential enhancement of the left and right facial nerves. She ultimately had clinical improvement with IV methylprednisolone. To our knowledge, Tolosa–Hunt syndrome associated with bilateral facial nerve palsy and corroborative facial nerve enhancement on magnetic resonance imaging has not previously been described. Moreover, our patient’s clinical course is instructive, as it demonstrates that this atypical presentation of Tolosa–Hunt syndrome can indeed respond to corticosteroid treatment and should not be mistaken for other entities such as Bell’s palsy.

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Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Skull Base Lesions

Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques ◽

10.1017/s0317167100035460 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 12 (S4) ◽

pp. 327-331 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

D.G. Potts ◽

R.D. Zimmerman

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Ct Scan ◽

Skull Base ◽

Diagnostic Study ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Basic Principles ◽

Skull Base Lesions ◽

Nuclear Magnetic

ABSTRACT:The basic principles of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) are reviewed and the appearances of some lesions of the skull base are discussed. NMR is a valuable diagnostic study for skull base lesions and it provides information that is not shown on the CT scan. The modern investigation of unusual skull base lesions should include both CT and NMR.

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