Artificial Intelligence and Object Oriented Approaches to Structural Engineering

The term “object oriented” spread in the last decade and a half, throughout many fields of computing, including the analysis and design of information systems (IS). The use of the OO approach began in the early 1970s in fields such as computers architecture, operating systems, and artificial intelligence. But the main field to which the approach penetrated was programming languages, beginning with Simula and then with Smalltalk. Some years passed by until the approach became popular in the programming field. Reasons for the vigorous penetration of the approach include the emergence of the windows-based graphical interfaces technology, the desire to economize development costs by reusing existing software, and the transition from centralized computing to distributed- and Internet-based computing. As aforesaid, the approach penetrated into other fields of computing due to its success in the field of programming, including the field of analysis and design of IS.

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ANN Application in the Field of Structural Concrete

Encyclopedia of Artificial Intelligence ◽

10.4018/978-1-59904-849-9.ch018 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 118-124

Author(s):

Juan L. Pérez ◽

Mª Isabel Martínez ◽

Manuel F. Herrador

Keyword(s):

Artificial Intelligence ◽

Neural Networks ◽

Artificial Neural Networks ◽

High Resistance ◽

Structural Engineering ◽

Construction Material ◽

Fabrication Process ◽

Structural Concrete ◽

Cost Efficient ◽

Ann Application

Artificial Intelligence (AI) mechanisms are more and more frequently applied to all sorts of civil engineering problems. New methods and algorithms which allow civil engineers to use these techniques in a different way on diverse problems are available or being made available. One AI techniques stands out over the rest: Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). Their most remarkable traits are their ability to learn, the possibility of generalization and their tolerance towards mistakes. These characteristics make their use viable and cost-efficient in any field in general, and in Structural Engineering in particular. The most extended construction material nowadays is concrete, mainly because of its high resistance and its adaptability to formwork during its fabrication process. Along this chapter we will find different applications of ANNs to structural concrete.

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ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN DATABASE SECURITY

International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence ◽

10.1142/s0218001404003022 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 18 (01) ◽

pp. 3-17

Author(s):

YUN BAI ◽

YAN ZHANG

Keyword(s):

Artificial Intelligence ◽

Object Oriented ◽

Database Systems ◽

Database System ◽

Database Security ◽

Security Policies ◽

Formal Approach ◽

Formal Syntax ◽

Data Objects ◽

Object Oriented Database

In this paper, we propose a formal approach of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in securing object oriented database systems. We combine the specification of object oriented database with security policies and provide its formal syntax and semantics. The properties in the inheritance of authorizations in object oriented database system and reasoning about authorizations on data objects are also investigated in detail.

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