Analysis of Trends in Housing Construction Cost in Nigeria from 2000 - 2009

Activity based costing (ABC) is an improved system of the traditional one. This system is calculating costs that provide accuracy and relevance in allocating overhead costs. This system has an overall cost tracking compared to traditional systems. This research uses a descriptive method of case study approach, which can describe the existence of a variable, symptom or condition. Using this method adjusts the ability to answer the problem under study and hopes to be able to provide clear results and answers. The results of the calculation of housing construction cost using the ABC system on housing in Sidoarjo are able to describe results more accurately and do not cause distortion of costs.

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Housing construction costs and house rents fluctuations in an emerging property market: the case of Osogbo, Nigeria

Property Management ◽

10.1108/pm-06-2020-0041 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Augustina Chiwuzie ◽

Daniel Ibrahim Dabara

Keyword(s):

Positive Relationship ◽

Rental Housing ◽

Construction Cost ◽

The Body ◽

Housing Construction ◽

Property Market ◽

Construction Costs ◽

Content Type ◽

Macroeconomic Variables ◽

Property Owners

PurposeCost of construction of residential properties as well as its subsequent rent trends remain a major challenge to stakeholders in the property rental markets of emerging economies. This study examined the relationship between housing construction costs and house rents fluctuations in Osogbo, Nigeria, to provide information for informed investment decisions.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted a survey, where three sets of questionnaires were administered on building contractors; estate surveyors and valuers and private residential property owners. The data required comprise the estimated average construction costs and average market rents for two and three-bedroom bungalows in the study area from 2008 to 2018. These data were respectively sourced from all the 15 firms of building contractors and 25 firms of estate surveyors and valuers in Osogbo, Nigeria. Stratified random sampling was employed to select 180 property owners from three medium-density residential districts of Osogbo. Secondary data on macroeconomic variables were sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria. Data collected were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistical tools.FindingsThe authors found a significant positive relationship (0.749) between construction costs and house rents trends; both variables maintained ascending trends. Construction costs and house rents inflation rates exhibited random fluctuations with the former having a higher mean inflation rate (10.47%). However, the difference was not statistically significant (p-value = 0.317 > 0.05). Respondents identified consumer price index (CPI) inflation among other macroeconomic variables as the strongest predictor of both construction costs and house rents fluctuations. However, evidence from further analysis of the time series suggested otherwise.Practical implicationsThe result confirms construction cost as one of the vital supply factors of the housing market, which is often pass through to house rents. The positive relationship between construction costs and house rents trends should trigger new development which, will, in turn, allow rental housing investments to expand into new areas with prospects for profits that could be earned by domestic and foreign investors.Originality/valueThis study to the best knowledge of the researchers is the first to relate housing construction cost to house rent in Osogbo, Nigeria; thereby adding to the body of knowledge in this field.

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High-voltage Electron Microscopy: Where it is and where it may be going

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100136775 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 53 ◽

pp. 80-81

Author(s):

Charles W. Allen

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

High Voltage ◽

Construction Cost ◽

Research Community ◽

High Voltage Electron Microscopy ◽

Voltage Electron ◽

High Voltage Electron ◽

Materials Research

High voltage TEMs were introduced commercially thirty years ago, with the installations of 500 kV Hitachi instruments at the Universities of Nogoya and Tokyo. Since that time a total of 51 commercial instruments, having maximum accelerating potentials of 0.5-3.5 MV, have been delivered. Prices have gone from about a dollar per volt for the early instruments to roughly twenty dollars per volt today, which is not so unreasonable considerinp inflation and vastly improved electronics and other improvements. The most expensive HVEM (the 3.5 MV instrument at Osaka University) cost about 5 percent of the construction cost of the USA's latest synchrotron.Table 1 briefly traces the development of HVEM in this country for the materials sciences. There are now only three available instruments at two sites: the 1.2 MeV HVEM at Argonne National Lab, and 1.0 and 1.5 MeV instruments at Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. Fortunately, both sites are user facilities funded by DOE for the materials research community.

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