scholarly journals Improving Land Tenure Security through Customary Boundary Demarcation- A Case Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
D. Asenso-Gyambibi ◽  
M. Affam ◽  
E. Y. Amoafo ◽  
S. B. Acquah
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Dispute Resolution ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Alternative Dispute Resolution ◽  
Stability Boundary ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Wealth Creation ◽  
Tenure Security ◽  
Sub Saharan

In sub-Saharan Africa, one of the barriers to development and wealth creation in the peri urban and rural areas is land tenure insecurity. This is mainly due to a number of factors including the absence of clear unambiguous boundaries between allodial owners and the absence of credible documentation of land rights. This research sought to establish and document over 190 km of the boundary of Juaben paramouncy in a manner that ensured peace, harmony and tenure security. Disputes were resolved through less costly Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) mechanisms and Customary Land Secretariat (CLS) that catalogued and maintained up to date register on the land. This resulted in conflicts that have raged on for decades, sometimes leading to injury, property destruction and loss of lives come to an end. The benefits of this improved land tenure security are enhanced agricultural productivity, wealth creation for rural dwellers, peace and stability. Boundary demarcations and documentations established were important steps in the process of reformation and improving land tenure security in the rural communities. Information retrieval was simplified and transaction cost made cheaper. Keywords: Land Tenure Security, Customary Boundary Demarcation (CBD), Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR)

scholarly journals Differentiations in Women’s Land Tenure Experiences: Implications for Women’s Land Access and Tenure Security in Sub-Saharan Africa

Land ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uchendu Chigbu ◽  
Gaynor Paradza ◽  
Walter Dachaga
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Tenure Security ◽  
Gender Group ◽  
Homogenous Group ◽  
Land Access ◽  
Sub Saharan

Most literature on land tenure in sub-Saharan Africa has presented women as a homogenous group. This study uses evidence from Ghana, Nigeria, and Zimbabwe to show that women have differentiated problems, needs, and statuses in their quest for land access and tenure security. It illustrates how women-to-women differences influence women’s access to land. By investigating differentiations in women’s land tenure in the three countries, the study identifies multiple and somewhat interlinked ways in which differentiations exist in women’s land tenure. It achieved some key outcomes. The findings include a matrix of factors that differentiate women’s land access and tenure security, a visualisation of women’s differentiation in land tenure showing possible modes for actions, and an adaptable approach for operationalising women’s differentiation in land tenure policies (among others). Using these as evidence, it argues that women are a highly differentiated gender group, and the only thing homogenous in the three cases is that women are heterogeneous in their land tenure experiences. It concludes that an emphasis on how the differentiation among women allows for significant insight to emerge into how they experience tenure access differently is essential in improving the tenure security of women. Finally, it makes policy recommendations.

scholarly journals Source-sink dynamics could sustain HIV epidemics in rural communities in sub-Saharan Africa: the case of Malawi

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin T. Okano ◽  
Katie Sharp ◽  
Laurence Palk ◽  
Sally Blower
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Geographic Variation ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Heterosexual Transmission ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Mobility Data ◽  
Sub Saharan

AbstractBackground:Approximately 25.5 million individuals are infected with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Epidemics in this region are generalized, show substantial geographic variation in prevalence, and are driven by heterosexual transmission; populations are highly mobile. We propose that generalized HIV epidemics should be viewed as a series of micro-epidemics occurring in multiple connected communities. Using a mathematical model, we test the hypothesis that travel can sustain HIV micro-epidemics in communities where transmission is too low to be self-sustaining. We use Malawi as a case study.Methods:We first conduct a mapping exercise to visualize geographic variation in HIV prevalence and population-level mobility. We construct maps by spatially interpolating georeferenced HIV-testing and mobility data from a nationally representative population-level survey: the 2015-16 Malawi Demographic and Health Survey. To test our hypothesis, we construct a novel HIV epidemic model that includes three transmission pathways: resident-to-resident, visitor-caused and travel-related. The model consists of communities functioning as “sources” and “sinks”. A community is a source if transmission is high enough to be self-sustaining, and a sink if it is not.Results:HIV prevalence ranges from zero to 27%. Mobility is high, 27% of the population took a trip lasting at least a month in the previous year. Prevalence is higher in urban centers than rural areas, but long-duration travel is higher in rural areas than urban centers. We show that a source-community can sustain a micro-epidemic in a sink-community, but only if specific epidemiological and demographic threshold conditions are met. The threshold depends upon the level of transmission in the source- and sink-communities, as well as the relative sizes of the two communities. The larger the source than the sink, the lower transmission in the source-community needs to be for sustainability.Discussion:Our results support our hypothesis, and suggest that it may be rather easy for large urban communities to sustain HIV micro-epidemics in small rural communities; this may be occurring in northern Malawi. Visitor-generated and travel-related transmission may also be sustaining micro-epidemics in rural communities in other SSA countries with highly-mobile populations. It is essential to consider mobility when developing HIV elimination strategies.

Interaction between agroforestry and women's land tenure security in sub-Saharan Africa: A matrilocal perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 133 ◽  
pp. 102617
Author(s):  
Emmanuel O. Benjamin ◽  
Oreoluwa Ola ◽  
Johannes Sauer ◽  
Gertrud Buchenrieder
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Tenure Security ◽  
Sub Saharan

scholarly journals Building on “Traditional” Land Dispute Resolution Mechanisms in Rural Ghana: Adaptive or Anachronistic?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Festus A. Asaaga
Keyword(s):  
Dispute Resolution ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Judicial Process ◽  
Land Dispute ◽  
Land Administration ◽  
Traditional Institutions ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Development Agents ◽  
Context Specific

Despite the ongoing land administration reforms being implemented across sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), including Ghana as viable pathway to achieve tenure security and greater efficiency in land administration, the subject of land dispute resolution has received relatively less attention. Whereas customary tenure institutions play a central role in land administration (controlling ~80% of all land in Ghana), they remain at the fringes of the formal land dispute adjudicatory process. Recognizing the pivotal role traditional institutions as development agents and potential vehicles for promoting good land governance, recent discourse on land tenure have geared towards mainstreaming traditional land disputes institutions into the architecture of formal judicial process via alternative dispute resolution pathways. Yet little is known at least empirically as to the operations of traditional dispute resolution institutions in the contemporary context. This study therefore explores the importance of traditional dispute resolution institutions in the management of land-related disputes in southcentral and western Ghana. Drawing on data collated from 380 farming households operating 746 plots. The results show that contrary to the conventional thinking that traditional institutions are anachronistic and not fit for purpose, they remain strong and preferred forum for land dispute resolution (proving resilient and adaptable) given the changing socio-economic and tenurial conditions. Yet these forums have differing implications for different actors within the customary spheres accessing them. The results highlight practical ways for incorporating traditional dispute resolution in the overall land governance setup in Ghana and elsewhere in sub-Saharan Africa. This has implications for redesigning context-specific and appropriate land-use policy interventions that address local land dispute resolution.

scholarly journals Training for Rural Radiology and Imaging in Sub-Saharan Africa: Addressing the Mismatch Between Services and Population

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael G. Kawooya
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Health ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Plain Radiography ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Training Interventions ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
And Training

The objectives of this review are to outline the needs, challenges, and training interventions for rural radiology (RR) training in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Rural radiology may be defined as imaging requirements of the rural communities. In SSA, over 80% of the population is rural. The literature was reviewed to determine the need for imaging in rural Africa, the challenges, and training interventions. Up to 50% of the patients in the rural health facilities in Uganda may require imaging, largely ultrasound and plain radiography. In Uganda, imaging is performed, on an average, in 50% of the deserving patients in the urban areas, compared to 10–13 % in the rural areas. Imaging has been shown to increase the utilization of facility-based rural health services and to impact management decisions. The challenges in the rural areas are different from those in the urban areas. These are related to disease spectrum, human resource, and socio-economic, socio-cultural, infrastructural, and academic disparities. Countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, for which information on training intervention was available, included: Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Rwanda, Zambia, Ghana, Malawi, and Sudan. Favorable national policies had been instrumental in implementing these interventions. The interventions had been made by public, private-for-profit (PFP), private-not-for profit (PNFP), local, and international academic institutions, personal initiatives, and professional societies. Ultrasound and plain radiography were the main focus. Despite these efforts, there were still gross disparities in the RR services for SSA. In conclusion, there have been training interventions targeted toward RR in Africa. However, gross disparities in RR provision persist, requiring an effective policy, plus a more organized, focused, and sustainable approach, by the stakeholders.

scholarly journals Building on “Traditional” Land Dispute Resolution Mechanisms in Rural Ghana: Adaptive or Anachronistic?

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
Festus A. Asaaga
Keyword(s):  
Dispute Resolution ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Judicial Process ◽  
Land Dispute ◽  
Land Administration ◽  
Traditional Institutions ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Development Agents ◽  
Context Specific

Despite the ongoing land administration reforms being implemented across sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), including Ghana, as a viable pathway to achieve tenure security and greater efficiency in land administration, the subject of land dispute resolution has received relatively less attention. Whereas customary tenure institutions play a central role in land administration (controlling ~80% of all land in Ghana), they remain at the fringes of the formal land dispute adjudicatory process. Recognising the pivotal role of traditional institutions as development agents and potential vehicles for promoting good land governance, recent discourses on land tenure have geared toward mainstreaming traditional land dispute institutions into the architecture of the formal judicial process via alternative dispute resolution pathways. Yet, little is known, at least empirically, as to the operations of traditional dispute resolution institutions in the contemporary context. This study therefore explores the importance of traditional dispute resolution institutions in the management of land-related disputes in southcentral and western Ghana, drawing on data collated from 380 farming households operating 746 plots. The results show that contrary to the conventional thinking that traditional institutions are anachronistic and not fit for purpose, they remain strong and a preferred forum for land dispute resolution (proving resilient and adaptable), given the changing socio-economic and tenurial conditions. Yet, these forums have differing implications for different actors within the customary spheres accessing them. The results highlight practical ways for incorporating traditional dispute resolution in the overall land governance setup in Ghana and elsewhere in sub-Saharan Africa. This has implications for redesigning context-specific and appropriate land-use policy interventions that address local land dispute resolution.

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