scholarly journals Morphometry and anatomical variations of flexor digitorum superficialis

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (01) ◽  
pp. 008-011 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Ray ◽  
A. Saxena ◽  
S. Nayak ◽  
B. Pugazhendi ◽  
B. Gayathri
Keyword(s):  
Index Finger ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis ◽  
Muscle Belly ◽  
Absolute Length ◽  
Flexor Digitorum ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Digital Caliper ◽  
Formalin Fixed

Abstract Introduction: Flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) takes its origin by two heads: humero ulnar and radial.. The FDS is considered to be potential flexor of proximal interphalangeal, metacarpophalnageal and wrist joints through its insertion to the middle phalanges of lateral 4 fingers. Aim of the study was to conduct a morphometric study on FDS and to evaluate its variants in cadaveric limbs. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out on 25 right and 23 left upper limbs belonging to formalin fixed adult cadavers. Lengths of humeral, ulnar, radial heads of the muscle as well as its tendons were separately measured using digital caliper. Mean length of muscle bellies of humeral head, tendinous length and musculotendinous length tabulated. Results: A unique muscle belly arising from the deeper surface of left FDS as a tendon, proximal to flexor retinaculum, entering in the palm after passing through the carpal tunnel was observed. The muscle was inserted into the middle phalanx of index finger. Conclusion: Studies on absolute length of FDS are rare. The present study has significant influence on length tension relationship of afore mentioned muscle. The hazardous effects of anomalous belly of FDS and its consequences were also discussed.

Anomalous Muscle Belly of the Flexor Digitorum Superficialis in two Generations

HAND ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol os-9 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steen Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Index Finger ◽  
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis ◽  
Muscle Belly ◽  
Neurological Signs ◽  
Anomalous Muscle ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Flexor Digitorum

A girl, her mother and her mother's sister are reported showing a digastric flexor superficialis to the index finger with no neurological signs. Two had bilateral muscles.

Abnormal Course of the Median Nerve Associated with an Anomalous Belly of Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

HAND ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol os-12 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. M. Figueiredo ◽  
G. Hooper
Keyword(s):  
Median Nerve ◽  
Index Finger ◽  
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis ◽  
Muscle Belly ◽  
Anomalous Muscle ◽  
The Right ◽  
Flexor Digitorum

We report an anomalous muscle belly of the flexor digitorum superficialis acting on the right index finger. The median nerve lay superficial to the muscle in the forearm and at the wrist.

scholarly journals Anomalous flexor digitorum superficialis muscle belly presenting as a mass within the palm

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Stephens ◽  
Eric Marques ◽  
Christopher Livingston
Keyword(s):  
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis ◽  
Muscle Belly ◽  
Flexor Digitorum

scholarly journals Anatomical Variations of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve and Implications for Injury Prevention during Surgical Procedures of the Neck

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 670
Author(s):  
Alison M. Thomas ◽  
Daniel K. Fahim ◽  
Jickssa M. Gemechu
Keyword(s):  
Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Inferior Thyroid Artery ◽  
Branching Pattern ◽  
The Right ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Intrinsic Laryngeal Muscles ◽  
Formalin Fixed

Accurate knowledge of anatomical variations of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) provides information to prevent inadvertent intraoperative injury and ultimately guide best clinical and surgical practices. The present study aims to assess the potential anatomical variability of RLN pertaining to its course, branching pattern, and relationship to the inferior thyroid artery, which makes it vulnerable during surgical procedures of the neck. Fifty-five formalin-fixed cadavers were carefully dissected and examined, with the course of the RLN carefully evaluated and documented bilaterally. Our findings indicate that extra-laryngeal branches coming off the RLN on both the right and left side innervate the esophagus, trachea, and mainly intrinsic laryngeal muscles. On the right side, 89.1% of the cadavers demonstrated 2–5 extra-laryngeal branches. On the left, 74.6% of the cadavers demonstrated 2–3 extra-laryngeal branches. In relation to the inferior thyroid artery (ITA), 67.9% of right RLNs were located anteriorly, while 32.1% were located posteriorly. On the other hand, 32.1% of left RLNs were anterior to the ITA, while 67.9% were related posteriorly. On both sides, 3–5% of RLN crossed in between the branches of the ITA. Anatomical consideration of the variations in the course, branching pattern, and relationship of the RLNs is essential to minimize complications associated with surgical procedures of the neck, especially thyroidectomy and anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) surgery. The information gained in this study emphasizes the need to preferentially utilize left-sided approaches for ACDF surgery whenever possible.

Comparison of Muscle Activity during Use of Computer Pointing Devices in Cad Operators

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (37) ◽  
pp. 633-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pat Tittiranonda ◽  
Bernard Martin ◽  
Stephen Burastero
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Index Finger ◽  
Neck Muscles ◽  
Electromyographic Activity ◽  
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis ◽  
Upper Trapezius ◽  
Extensor Indicis Proprius ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Experimental Mouse ◽  
Flexor Digitorum

This study examined the use of four different computer pointing devices on surface electromyographic activity of the index finger, forearm and shoulder/neck muscles among CAD operators in the workplace. Subjects were randomly assigned to use their own mouse, a trackball, a joystick mouse or an experimental mouse. Results showed that there was a statistically significant difference in muscle load for the upper trapezius, extensor indicis proprius, and extensor carpi ulnaris across pointing devices for CAD operations. The flexor digitorum superficialis muscle load remained relatively constant when all pointing devices were compared.

Relationship of Carpal Canal Contents Volume to Carpal Canal Pressure in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Patients

2004 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. YOSHIDA ◽  
I. OKUTSU
Keyword(s):  
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ◽  
Carpal Tunnel ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis ◽  
Tunnel Syndrome ◽  
Finger Motion ◽  
Flexor Digitorum ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Infusion Technique

Forty patients long-term haemodialysis with a second recurrence of carpal tunnel syndrome and concomitant loss of flexor tendon function due to flexor adhesions were treated by excision of the flexor digitorum superficialis tendons. During the procedure the carpal canal pressure was measured using a continuous infusion technique. The preoperative mean carpal canal pressure was 81 (SD, 53) mmHg. After removal of all the flexor digitorum superficialis tendons, the carpal canal pressure decreased to 10 (SD, 8) mmHg. The clinical symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome were relieved and hand strength and finger motion were improved in all patients.

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