The Pyalung Kapampángan: observations on the status of traditional games from two generations

This study compares the observations of younger and older generations relating to different traditional games played by the Kapampangans. It particularly focuses on five games namely Maro; Tambubung; Luksung Babi; Salikutan; and Barongganan Bola. These games have been known to emphasise the players’ speed and agility. A survey and follow up in-depth interviews were used to explore the differing observations and perspectives of thirty elders (aged 60 years and above) and fifty youngsters (aged 10- 18 years old) from different towns in Pampanga. The survey highlighted the fact that the majority of the games were now played in the streets compared with the past when they were played in fields. The follow-up interviews revealed that the terrain of the towns significantly contributed to the structure and rules of the game, and many variations were found in the names of the games which were taken from how the game was played. Further research is recommended to explore the differing perceptions from the two generations concerning the current status of traditional games in their community.

Locality-Aware CTA Scheduling for Gaming Applications

The compute work rasterizer or the GigaThread Engine of a modern NVIDIA GPU focuses on maximizing compute work occupancy across all streaming multiprocessors in a GPU while retaining design simplicity. In this article, we identify the operational aspects of the GigaThread Engine that help it meet those goals but also lead to less-than-ideal cache locality for texture accesses in 2D compute shaders, which are an important optimization target for gaming applications. We develop three software techniques, namely LargeCTAs , Swizzle , and Agents , to show that it is possible to effectively exploit the texture data working set overlap intrinsic to 2D compute shaders. We evaluate these techniques on gaming applications across two generations of NVIDIA GPUs, RTX 2080 and RTX 3080, and find that they are effective on both GPUs. We find that the bandwidth savings from all our software techniques on RTX 2080 is much higher than the bandwidth savings on baseline execution from inter-generational cache capacity increase going from RTX 2080 to RTX 3080. Our best-performing technique, Agents , records up to a 4.7% average full-frame speedup by reducing bandwidth demand of targeted shaders at the L1-L2 and L2-DRAM interfaces by 23% and 32%, respectively, on the latest generation RTX 3080. These results acutely highlight the sensitivity of cache locality to compute work rasterization order and the importance of locality-aware cooperative thread array scheduling for gaming applications.

Impact of Water Solubility on Chemical Composition and Surface Structure of Two Generations of Bioceramic Root Canal Sealers

Aimed to evaluate the effect of water solubility on chemical properties and surface structure of bioceramic-based (BC-HiFlow and BC-EndoSeqence) compared with resin-based (Adseal) root canal sealers. Fresh mix was inserted into polyethylene mold (n = 10) and subjected to Vicat needle to evaluate the setting time. The set discs were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy then immersed in deionized water for 1, 7, 14 and 28 days. The solubility%, pH changes, released calcium (Ca2+), phosphate (PO43−) and silicon (Si4+) ions were evaluated after each immersion period. The discs were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy/Energy dispersed X-ray (SEM/EDX) before and after solubility test. Although FTIR detected similar composition of both bioceramic-sealers, BC-EndoSequence determined the prolonged setting times. At the end of solubility test, both bioceramic-sealers exhibited significant greater solubility (>3%), alkaline pH (>11) at p < 0.001. Adseal displayed the significant greatest Ca2+ and PO43− released, while BC-HiFlow displayed the significant greatest Si4+ release (p < 0.001). SEM revealed voids and pores on the surface of all tested sealers with the greatest value on Adseal surface. In conclusion, although both bioceramic-sealers had high solubility, BC-Hiflow complied the ISO standard regarding setting time and least surface micropores better than that of BC-EndoSequence.

Hemolytic Performance in Two Generations of the Sputnik Left Ventricular Assist Device: A Combined Numerical and Experimental Study

Background: Currently, left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) are a successful surgical treatment for patients with end-stage heart failure on the waiting list or with contraindicated heart transplantation. In Russia, Sputnik 1 LVAD was also successfully introduced into clinical practice as a bridge-to-transplant and a destination therapy device. Development of Sputnik 2 LVAD was aimed at miniaturization to reduce invasiveness, optimize hemocompatibility, and improve versatility for patients of various sizes. Methods: We compared hemolysis level in flow path of the Sputnik LVADs and investigated design aspects influencing other types of blood damage, using predictions of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and experimental assessment. The investigated operating point was a flow rate of 5 L/min and a pressure head of 100 mm Hg at an impeller rotational speed of 9100 min−1. Results: Mean hemolysis indices predicted with CFD were 0.0090% in the Sputnik 1 and 0.0023% in the Sputnik 2. Averaged values of normalized index of hemolysis obtained experimentally for the Sputnik 1 and the Sputnik 2 were 0.011 ± 0.003 g/100 L and 0.004 ± 0.002 g/100 L, respectively. Conclusions: Obtained results indicate obvious improvements in hemocompatibility and sufficiently satisfy the determined miniaturization aim for the Sputnik 2 LVAD development.

Mujeres weichafe del Lago Lleu Lleu: el conflictivo tránsito desde el cuerpo colonizado hacia la conquista del territorio liberado

The objective of this article is to trace the participation of women in the historical sequence of the main milestones of origin and evolutionary development of the Coordinadora Arauco Malleco from the category "body-space/time-territory", approached by the philosopher Francesca Gargallo The subject of study are the bodies located in a space-time that takes place in the surroundings of Lake Lleu Lleu, the axial geopolitical space where, from the Mapuche shamanic perspective, more than 30 years ago the spirit of thunder revived the power and violence of the ancient warriors of theweichan. Two generations of women exposed their bodies in the struggle to recover a liberated territory, transgressing cultural mandates and bearing the costs of confronting the State with prison and a fugitive life. However, the protagonism of women linked to the CAM has been silenced by traditional historiography as well as by the hegemonic masculine discourse of the Coordinadora itself. The becoming militant of women constitutes a complex plot that includes displacement of gender roles in the Mapuche culture and a transition from the political militancy of the weichafe to auxiliary spiritual roles of the machi such as tayilfe, curiche and dungumachife.

Monkey see, monkey do? Examining the effect of entrepreneurial orientation and knowledge sharing on new venture creation for Gen Y and Gen Z

Purpose This study aims to examine the effect of entrepreneurial intention and attitude towards knowledge sharing on new business creation by comparing two generations, Y generation (millennials) and Z generation (post-millennial). In addition, the current study uses a social cognitive theory as a point of departure to test the research hypotheses. Design/methodology/approach This study deploys a quantitative approach (hypothetic-deductive approach) by surveying 300 respondents representing the two Indonesian generations. The questionnaire consisting of demographic items (age, education, etc.) and variables was the primary research instrument. This study used regression analysis, a Wald test for examining the proposed hypotheses and a t-test to provide a deeper analysis of the findings. Findings Findings from the current study show that Gen Y is still seeking a balance for their learning sources by involving in their social environments as well as exploring the digital world. In contrast, Gen Z is much more dominant in the independence to learn things that interest them. They have less dependency on social patrons but prioritise themselves as the leading model. Practical implications The findings of this study provide practical implications for higher education institutions in the development of entrepreneurship education to achieve learning effectiveness. Originality/value This study aims to contribute by providing empirical evidence in the effect of entrepreneurial orientation and attitude towards knowledge sharing on new venture creation with particular reference to Gen Y and Gen Z, suggested by previous studies. Although Gen Y and Gen Z are digital natives, this study provides insight into a shift in the characteristic of two generations, as also found in comparison to previous generations, such as Baby-Boomer vs Gen X and Gen X vs Gen Y. This study proclaims the need to adjust organisational theories to enable them to explain the shifting phenomena at the micro and macro level for every generation. Exploratory research to better understand the characteristics of a generation in other settings is a crucial proposal proposed by this study.

Mothers’ Experience of Social Change and Individualistic Parenting Goals Over Two Generations in Urban China

During the past four decades, China has gone through rapid urbanization and modernization. As people adapt to dramatic sociodemographic shifts from rural communities to urban centers and as economic level rises, individualistic cultural values in China have increased. Meanwhile, parent and child behavior in early childhood has also evolved accordingly to match a more individualistic society. This mixed-method study investigated how social change in China may have impacted parenting goals and child development in middle childhood, as seen through the eyes of the current generation of mothers. Thirty mothers of fifth-grade elementary school students from Shenzhen, China were recruited and took part in semi-structured interviews. Participants answered questions and provided examples about their children’s life, their own childhood, and the perceived differences between the two generations. Participating mothers were also asked to rate which generation, themselves or their parents, cared more about the childrearing goals of academic competitiveness and socioemotional well-being. Using both qualitative and quantitative analysis, we expected and found an intergenerational increase in the perceived value mothers placed on individualistic traits: current mothers care more about their children’s academic competitiveness, personal happiness, and social adjustment, compared to their experience of their own mothers’ attitudes during their childhood a generation earlier. They also experience conflict between their children’s academic competitiveness and socioemotional well-being. As a function of both urbanization and increased economic means, children’s collectivistic family responsibilities for essential household chores have declined as the importance of schoolwork has increased.