We will not touch the controversial question of the role of infection in the genesis of ulcers and will adopt the point of view of the French school (Duval, Roux, Montier, Girault), for which the concept of an infected ulcer is only a concept of a pathological-anatomical and clinical nature, related to the concept of the evolution of an already existing ulcer, depending on its secondary infection. This evolution of the ulcer, in the presence of a new ingredient of infection, creates some peculiarities in its clinical manifestation,-peculiarities which, in suitable cases, can and must be taken into account both in the choice of time and in the choice of method of surgical intervention. Thus, the question under consideration by us has not only theoretical character, but, as we will try to state below, acquires also a certain practical interest.