scholarly journals A Golden Age of Security and Education? Adult Education for Civil Defence in the United States 1950–1970

2018 ◽  
pp. 125-150
Author(s):  
John Preston
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Adult Education ◽  
Golden Age ◽  
The United States ◽  
Civil Defence

One Hundred Years of Empirical Aesthetics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Nadal ◽  
Esther Ureña
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Golden Age ◽  
The United States ◽  
Gestalt Psychology ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Motivational Theory ◽  
Reward Value ◽  
History Of ◽  
Functional Psychology

This article reviews the history of empirical aesthetics since its foundation by Fechner in 1876 to Berlyne’s new empirical aesthetics in the 1970s. The authors explain why and how Fechner founded the field, and how Wundt and Müller’s students continued his work in the early 20th century. In the United States, empirical aesthetics flourished as part of American functional psychology at first, and later as part of behaviorists’ interest in reward value. The heyday of behaviorism was also a golden age for the development of all sorts of tests for artistic and aesthetic aptitudes. The authors end the article by covering the contributions of Gestalt psychology and Berlyne’s motivational theory to empirical aesthetics.

Was There a Golden Age of Flexible Wages? Evidence from Ohio Manufacturing, 1892–1910

1990 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Sundstrom
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Golden Age ◽  
Work Force ◽  
The United States ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Small Minority ◽  
Wage Flexibility ◽  
Pay Cuts ◽  
Occupational Composition

Several macroeconomic studies have found evidence of diminishing cyclical wage flexibility in the United States since the turn of the century. But the importance of wage reductions during downturns must be questioned even for the era of allegedly flexible wages. This article shows that during the severe contractions of 1893 and 1908 only a small minority of Ohio manufacturing workers experienced cuts in their wage rates.The apparent downward flexibility of average earnings in these data was largely the consequence of changes in the occupational composition of the employed work force rather than pay cuts for individual workers.

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